Contents
List of Illustrations
Acknowledgments
Translators’ Introduction
Gómara’s Plan for the Work
Gómara’s Sources
Gómara’s View of Christian Imperial Conquest
Gómara’s Language
Our Translation
The Annotations
The Historians of the Indies
All the Land of the Indies
To the Readers
To the Translators
To Charles, Emperor of the Romans, King of Spain, Lord of the Indies and the New World; Francisco López de Gómara, Cleric
1. The World Is One and Not Many, As Some Philosophers Thought
2. That the World Is Round and Not Flat
3. That the World Is Not Only Habitable but Also Inhabited
4. That the Antipodes Exist, and Why They Have This Name
5. Where, Who, and What Are the Antipodes?
6. That We Have Access to the Antipodes, against the Common Opinion of the Philosophers
8. Definition of Degrees
9. Who Invented the Compass
10. The Opinion That Asia, Africa, and Europe Are Islands
11. The Northern Boundaries of the Indies
12. The Situation of the Indies
13. The First Discovery of the Indies
14. Who Christopher Columbus Was
15. Christopher Columbus’s Efforts to Go to the Indies
16. The Discovery of the Indies That Christopher Columbus Made
17. The Honor and Favors That the Catholic Monarchs Gave to Columbus for Discovering the Indies
18. Why They Have the Name Indies
19. The Papal Grant of the Indies to the Catholic Monarchs
20. The Return of Christopher Columbus to the Indies
21. The Third Voyage That Columbus Made to the Indies
22. The Hunger, Sorrows, War, and Victory That the Spaniards Experienced in Defending Their Persons and Towns
23. The Imprisonment of Christopher Columbus
24. The Fourth Voyage That Christopher Columbus Made to the Indies
25. The Death of Christopher Columbus
26. The Location and Other Particulars of the Island Hispaniola
27. The Religion of the Island of Hispaniola
28. Customs
29. That Buboes Came from the Indies
30. On the Peculiar Small Animals Called the Cocuyos and the Niguas, One Good and One Bad
32. On the Governors of Hispaniola
34. Miracles of Conversion
35. The Things from Our Spain That Now Exist in Hispaniola
37. The Land of Labrador
39. The Bacallaos
40. The San Antonio River
41. The Lucayos Islands
42. The River Jordan in the Land of Chicora
43. The Rituals of the Chicorans
44. Boriquén
45. The Discovery of Florida
46. The Río de Palmas
47. Pánuco
48. The Island Jamaica
49. New Spain
51. On the Island of Cuba
52. Yucatán
53. The Conquest of Yucatán
54. The Customs of Yucatán
55. Cape of Honduras
56. Veragua and Nombre de Dios
57. Darién
58. On the Foundation of Antigua del Darién
59. The Factions among the Spaniards of Darién
60. About Panquiaco, Who Brought News about the Southern Sea
61. The Wars in the Gulf of Urabá That Vasco Núñez de Balboa Fought
62. The Discovery of the Southern Sea
63. The Discovery of Pearls in the Gulf of San Miguel
64. What Balboa Did on His Return from the Southern Sea
65. Balboa Made Adelantado of the Southern Sea
66. Death of Balboa
67. Fruits and Other Things That Grow in Darién
68. Customs of the People of Darién
69. Cenú
70. Cartagena
71. Santa Marta
72. Discovery of the Emeralds
73. Venezuela
74. The Discovery of the Pearls
75. Another Great Retrieval of Pearls
76. Cumaná and Maracapana
77. The Death of Many Spaniards
78. The Conquest of Cumaná and the Settlement of Cubagua
79. Customs of Cumaná
80. Hunting and Fishing of the Cumaneses
81. How They Make and Shoot Poisoned Arrows
82. Their Dances and Idols
83. Medicine Men and Necromancers
84. Paria
86. The Orellana River
87. The Marañón River
89. The Río de la Plata
91. Magellan’s Negotiation Concerning the Spices
92. The Strait of Magellan
93. The Death of Magellan
95. About Siripada, King of Borneo
96. The Entry of Our People into the Moluccas
98. The Famous Ship Victoria
100. The Demarcation of the Indies and the New World between the Castilians and the Portuguese
101. The Cause and the Authority for Where They Divided the Indies
102. The Second Voyage to the Moluccas
103. On Other Spaniards Who Have Sought Spices
104. On the Quickest Route That They Could Make in Order to Go to the Moluccas
105. The Pawning of the Spices
106. How the Portuguese Managed the Spice Trade
107. The Kings and Nations That Have Held the Spice Trade
108. The Discovery of Peru
109. Continuation of the Exploration of Peru
110. Francisco Pizarro Made Governor of Peru
111. The War That Francisco Pizarro Fought in the Island Puná
112. The War of Tumbes and Settlement of San Miguel de Tangarará
113. Capture of Atahualpa
114. The Enormous Ransom That Atahualpa Promised in Return for His Release
115. Death of Huáscar by Order of Atahualpa
116. The Wars and Differences between Huáscar and Atahualpa
117. Distribution of Atahualpa’s Gold and Silver
118. The Death of Atahualpa
119. The Lineage of Atahualpa
120. The Court and Riches of Huayna Cápac
121. The Religion and Gods of the Incas and Other Peoples
122. The Belief That They Have Concerning the Flood and the First Men
123. The Capture of Cuzco, a Most Wealthy City
124. The Characteristics and Customs of Cuzco
125. The Conquest of Quito
126. What Happened to Pedro de Alvarado in Peru
127. How Almagro Went in Search of Pedro de Alvarado
128. The Death of Quizquiz
129. Alvarado Sells His Armada for One Hundred Thousand Pesos of Gold
130. New Agreements between Pizarro and Almagro
131. Diego de Almagro’s Entry into Chile
132. Hernando Pizarro’s Return to Peru
133. The Rebellion of Manco Inca, against the Spaniards
134. Almagro Took Cuzco by Force from the Pizarros
135. The Many Spaniards Whom the Indios Killed in the Relief of Cuzco
137. Two Battles with Indios That Alonso de Alvarado Fought and Won
138. Almagro Captures Captain Alvarado and Refuses Pizarro’s Terms
139. The Meeting of Almagro and Pizarro in Mala Concerning an Agreement
140. The Capture of Almagro
141. Death of Almagro
142. The Conquests That Followed the Death of Almagro
143. The Expedition That Gonzalo Pizarro Made to the Land of Cinnamon
144. The Death of Francisco Pizarro
145. What Don Diego de Almagro Did after the Death of Pizarro
146. What They Did in Cuzco against Don Diego
147. How Vaca de Castro Went to Peru
148. Don Diego Threatened War in Cuzco
149. The Battle of Chupas between Vaca de Castro and Don Diego
150. Vaca de Castro’s Judgment against Don Diego de Almagro and Many Others
152. New Laws and Ordinances for the Indies
153. The Great Agitation That the Ordinances Caused in Peru
154. How Blasco Núñez Vela and Four Oidores Went to Peru
155. What Happened to Blasco Núñez with Those in Trujillo
156. The Oath of Blasco Núñez and the Imprisonment of Vaca de Castro
157. What Gonzalo Pizarro Did in Cuzco against the Ordinances
158. Blasco Núñez Vela’s Alarm of War
159. The Death of the Factor Guillén Juárez de Carvajal
160. The Arrest of Viceroy Blasco Núñez Vela
161. How the Oidores Distributed Tasks among Themselves
162. How the Oidores Embarked the Viceroy for Spain
163. What Cepeda Did after the Imprisonment of the Viceroy
164. How Gonzalo Pizarro Made Himself Governor of Peru
165. What Gonzalo Pizarro Did When He Became Governor
166. On How Blasco Núñez Escaped from Prison, and What He Did Afterward
167. What Hernando Bachicao Did by Sea
168. How Gonzalo Pizarro Expelled Blasco Núñez Vela
169. What Pedro de Hinojosa Did with the Armada
170. The Thefts and Cruelties of Francisco de Carvajal against Those on the Side of the King
171. The Battle in Which Blasco Núñez Vela Died
172. What Blasco Núñez Said and Wrote to the Oidores
173. How Gonzalo Pizarro Wanted to Call Himself King
174. How Pizarro Beheaded Vela Núñez
175. The Departure of the Licentiate Pedro Gasca for Peru
176. What Gasca Wrote to Gonzalo Pizarro
177. The Council That Pizarro Held Concerning Gasca’s Letter
178. On the Response of Pizarro to the Letters and Embassy of Gasca
179. Hinojosa Hands Over Pizarro’s Fleet to Gasca
180. The Many Who Rose Up against Pizarro When They Knew That Gasca Had the Fleet
181. How Pizarro Abandoned Peru
182. Pizarro’s Victory over Centeno
183. What Pizarro Learned from This Victory
184. What Gasca Did When He Arrived in Peru
185. How Gasca Crossed the Apurímac River without Opposition
186. The Battle of Jaquijahuana and the Capture of Gonzalo Pizarro
187. The Trial and Execution of Gonzalo Pizarro
188. The Repartimiento of Indios That Gasca Made among the Spaniards
189. The Assessment of Tribute That Gasca Made
190. Gasca’s Expenditures and the Treasure He Amassed
191. Considerations
192. Other Considerations
193. How the Contreras Robbed Gasca on His Return to Spain
194. The Quality and Climate of Peru
195. Remarkable Things That Exist and Do Not Exist in Peru
196. Conclusion of Peruvian Matters
197. Panama
198. Tararequi, Island of Pearls
199. About the Pearls
200. Nicaragua
202. What Else Gil González Did in Those Lands
203. The Conquest and Settlement of Nicaragua
206. Customs of Nicaragua
207. The Religion of Nicaragua
208. Guatemala
210. The Unfortunate Death of Pedro de Alvarado
211. The Horrible Storm That Guatemala Had When Doña Beatriz de la Cueva Died
212. Jalisco
213. Cibola
214. Quivira
215. On the Hunchback Cows of Quivira
216. On the Bread of the Indios
218. On the Liberty of the Indios
219. On the Council of the Indies
220. A Saying of Seneca Concerning the New World That Appears Prophetic
221. On the Island That Plato Called Atlantis
222. The Route to the Indies
223. Conquest of the Canary Islands
224. Customs of the Canarians
225. In Praise of the Spaniards
Grant by His Highness
Chronology
Glossary
Maps
Bibliography
Index