There is a saying in Brazil: “Mosquitoes are democratic: they bite the rich and the poor alike.” Why then is bad health---from violence to respiratory disease, from malaria to dengue---dispersed unevenly across different social and national groups? In Living and Dying in São Paulo, Jeffrey Lesser focuses on the Bom Retiro neighborhood to explore such questions by examining the competing visions of well-being in Brazil among racialized immigrants and policymakers and health officials. He analyzes the fraught relationship between Bom Retiro residents and the state and health care agencies that have overseen community sanitation efforts since the mid-nineteenth century, drawing out the connected systems of the built environment, public health laws and practices, and citizenship. Lesser employs the concept of “residues” to outline how continuing historical material, legislative, and social legacies structure contemporary daily life and health outcomes in the neighborhood. In so doing, Lesser creates a dialogue between the past and the present, showing how the relationship between culture and disease is both layered and interconnected.

Jeffrey Lesser is Samuel Candler Dobbs Professor of History at Emory University. He is the author of A Discontented Diaspora: Japanese Brazilians and the Meanings of Ethnic Militancy, 1960–1980 and Negotiating National Identity: Immigrants, Minorities, and the Struggle for Ethnicity in Brazil, both published by Duke University Press.

A Long Set of Acknowledgments  xi
An Introduction: Selling a Gun  1
1. Naming a Death  31
2. Bom Retiro Is the World?  59
3. Bad Health in a Good Retreat  80
4. Enforcing Health  102
5. A Building Block of Health  130
6. Unliving Rats and Undead Immigrants  163
A Conclusion: Light and Dark in a Saintly City  195
Notes  201
Bibliography 249
Index  295