Cover
Title Page
Copyright
About This Report
Summary
Contents
Figures and Tables
Chapter 1: Introduction
Study Questions and Approach
Structure of This Report
Post-Soviet Institutional Foundation: Commonwealth of Independent States
Security Cooperation Agreements
Economic Agreements
Legal Framework for the Union State Between Belarus and Russia
Chapter 3: Political Relations
Russia’s and Belarus’s Political Objectives in Bilateral Relations
State of Cooperation in 2023
Lessons of the Past
Conclusions
Threat Perceptions
Overview of Military-to-Military and Security Cooperation
Internal and Regime Security
Conclusions
Belarus’s Economic Ties with Russia
Overview of Belarus and Russia’s Defense Industrial Ties
Belarus Defense-Industrial Ties Summary and Conclusions
Lithuania
Latvia
Poland
Ukraine
Implications for NATO
Future Outlook: Regional Perspectives on Belarus-Russia Relationship and Prospects to 2030
Chapter 7: Conclusions
Appendix: External Debt of the Republic of Belarus by Lender: 2006–2020
Abbreviations
References
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