Cover
Title Page
Copyright
Preface
Contents
Figures
Tables
Study Highlights
Summary
Acknowledgments
Abbreviations
Chapter One: Introduction
History of Countering Violent Extremism Activity at the Federal Level
Study Context and Approach
About This Report
Definitions of Terrorism
The Nature of the Threat
The Scale of the Threat
Conclusion
Chapter Three: How Does Terrorism Prevention Policy Seek to Reduce Risk?
Building a Framework for Terrorism Prevention Policy
Translating Terrorism Prevention Goals to Measures of Success
Design Challenges in Terrorism Prevention Policy
Summary
Chapter Four: Early-Phase Terrorism Prevention: Countering Extremist Messaging Online
Relevant Design Challenges
Approaches to Countering Extremist Messaging Online
Current U.S. Terrorism Prevention and Related Efforts to Counter Online Extremist Messaging
Federal Options for Online and Countermessaging-Focused Policy and Programming
Chapter Five: Early-Phase Terrorism Prevention: Community Education, Engagement, Resilience, and Risk-Factor Reduction
Relevant Design Challenges
Approaches for Community Education, Engagement, Resilience, and Risk-Factor Reduction
Current U.S. Terrorism Prevention and Related Efforts for Community Education, Engagement, Resilience, and Risk-Factor Reduction
Federal Options for Community Education, Engagement, Resilience, and Risk Factor Reduction–Focused Policy and Programming
Chapter Six: Middle-Phase Terrorism Prevention: Referral Promotion
Relevant Design Challenges
Approaches for Referral Promotion
Current U.S. Terrorism Prevention and Related Efforts for Referral Promotion
Federal Options for Referral Promotion–Focused Policy and Programming
Chapter Seven: Middle-Phase Terrorism Prevention: Intervention
Spectrum of Approaches for Intervention
Current U.S. Terrorism Prevention and Related Efforts for Intervention
Federal Options for Intervention-Focused Policy and Programming
Chapter Eight: Late-Phase Terrorism Prevention: Recidivism Reduction
Spectrum of Approaches for Recidivism Reduction
Current U.S. Terrorism Prevention and Related Efforts for Recidivism Reduction
Federal Options for Recidivism-Focused Policy and Programming
Chapter Nine: Assessing Resources Allocated to Terrorism Prevention Efforts
Current Federal Spending on Terrorism Prevention
Comparing the U.S. Terrorism Prevention Investments with CVE Expenditures in Other Western Democracies
Considering Yardsticks for Appropriate Spending Levels
Summary
Chapter Ten: Organization of the Federal Terrorism Prevention Enterprise
Assessing Current Interagency Coordination for Terrorism Prevention
Strengths and Weaknesses of Different Coordination Options
Federal Interagency Organization Going Forward
Chapter Eleven: Conclusions and Future Options for Practical Federal Terrorism Prevention
Awareness and Training
Federal Support of Local Initiatives
Federal Program Development
Situational Awareness and Research and Evaluation
References