Preface • The Art of Point of View • Booth, Joyce and Modernist Points of View • Some Rules for Reading Modernist Novels • Some Fallacies of Intention / Modernist Characteristics • The Role and Responsibility of the Modernist Reader • Booth, Henry James and James Joyce: Distance/Ambiguity/Amorality • The Fallacy of the “Implied Author” • A Brief History of Point of View in the Brief History of the Novel • Chaucer’s Persona • Eighteenth-Century Beginnings: Fielding and Richardson • Nineteenth-Century English Forms: Dickens, Thackeray, Trollope, Brontë • Nineteenth-Century American Forms: Hawthorne • Straddling the Centuries: Henry James, Novelist and Theoretician • Nineteenth-Century European Developments: Stendhal and Flaubert • Anton Chekhov • Modernist Intentions and Innovations: The Role of the Reader • Learning What to Leave Out: Joyce’s Dubliners • Hemingway as Model: In the Path of Dubliners • To Narrate, Narration, Narrator, Narratology • Some Narrators and Their Audiences: Browning, Rossetti, Dostoevsky, Camus • Conrad and Marlow • Oral Histories and Historians: Faulkner and Claude Simon • (Good Old Fashioned) Reliability and its Modernist Face • (Potential) Unreliability: Dickens, Fowles, Gide, Ford, and Melville • John Fowles’ Daniel Martin • André Gide’s The Counterfeiters • Ford Madox Ford’s The Good Soldier • Reliability Beyond Narration: Melville and the Question of Confi dence • Narration within Narration: Social and Personal Histories • The Narrative Act in A la recherche du temps perdu • Patrick Chamoiseau, Oiseau de Cham and Texaco • Narrative Invention: Critics Inventing Narrators • The Presumed “Narrator” in Joyce’s Telemachus” • The Would-Be Narrator in Woolf ’s The Waves • The Creation of Consciousness on the Page: Forms of Internal Monologue • Individual Consciousness: Mrs. Dalloway and Mr. Bloom on City Streets • Stream of Consciousness/Monologue Intérieur (Ulysses) • Universal Consciousness/The Unconscious (Finnegans Wake) • Disintegration • “An attack from the inside”: The Narrator Self-Destructs: Michel Butor • Omniscience • Late Modern Revivals • Margaret Drabble • At Play in the Fields of Omniscience: José Saramago • At Play in the Fields of Omniscience (II): Carol Shields • The Subjective Uses of Narrative Objectivity • Modernist Objectivity • Booth, Joyce and “Authorial Objectivity” • Avoiding the Authorial Presence: Lawrence v. Kafka • Modernist Narrative Survivals and Adaptations: From Kazantzakis to Bellow, Allegra Goodman, Don DeLillo • Metafiction as Narration • Comic Strips and Movies • Detective Novels • John Barth • Philip Roth • Time as a Function of Point of View • From Victorian Chronology to the Time of the Mind • Time for Mann/Biblical Time • Joycean Time • Proustean Time • Time Passes: Faulkner, Simon, Woolf • Time’s Calendar: Carlos Fuentes • Notes • Index