front cover of Across Space and Time
Across Space and Time
Papers from the 41st Conference on Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology, Perth, 25-28 March 2013
Edited by Arianna Traviglia
Amsterdam University Press, 2015
This volume presents a selection of the best papers presented at the forty-first annual Conference on Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology. The theme for the conference was “Across Space and Time” and the papers explore a multitude of topics related to that concept, including databases, the semantic Web, geographical information systems, data collection and management, and more.
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American Missionaries in China
Papers from Harvard Seminars
Kwang-Ching Liu
Harvard University Press

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Approaching Australia
Papers from the Harvard Australian Studies Symposium
Harold Bolitho
Harvard University Press, 1998
These papers, each by a notable Australian scholar, offer several approaches to the Australian experience, past, present, and future. The authors hail from different disciplines, but what they have in common is their familiarity with the United States and their experience in interpreting their homeland to an American audience. As they discuss poetry and politics, nationalism and feminism, Aboriginal society and urbanization, they also explore a common theme: the emergence of a distinctive Australian entity, and the contribution to it of the United States.
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Archaeology in the Digital Era
Papers from the 40th Annual Conference of Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology (CAA), Southampton, 26-29 March 2012
Edited by Graeme Earl, et al.
Amsterdam University Press, 2014
CAA is the foremost conference on digital archaeology, and this volume offers a comprehensive and up-to date reference to the state of the art. This volume contains a selection of the best papers presented at the 40th Annual Conference of Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology (CAA), held in Southampton from 26 to 29 March 2012. The papers, all written and peer-reviewed by experts in the field of digital archaeology, explore a multitude of topics to showcase ground-breaking technologies and best practice from various archaeological and informatics disciplines, with a variety of case studies from all over the world.Download the Table of Contents and a sample chapter
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Charles S. Peirce and the Philosophy of Science
Papers from the Harvard Sesquicentennial Congress
Edward C. Moore
University of Alabama Press, 1993
A compilation of selected papers presented at the 1989 Charles S. Pierce International Congress

Interest in Charles Sanders Peirce (1839-1914) is today worldwide. Ernest Nagel of Columbia University wrote in 1959 that "there is a fair consensus among historians of ideas that Charles Sanders Peirce remains the most original, versatile, and comprehensive philosophical mind this country has yet produced." The breadth of topics discussed in the present volume suggests that this is as true today as it was in 1959.

Papers concerning Peirce's philosophy of science were given at the Harvard Congress by representatives from Italy, France, Sweden, Finland, Korea, India, Denmark, Greece, Brazil, Belgium, Spain, Germany, and the United States. The Charles S. Peirce Sesquicentennial International Congress opened at Harvard University on September 5, 1989, and concluded on the 10th—Peirce's birthday. The Congress was host to approximately 450 scholars from 26 different nations. The present volume is a compilation of selected papers presented at that Congress.

The philosophy of science and its logic are themes in the work of Charles Peirce that have been of greatest interest to scholars. Peirce was himself a physical scientist. He worked as an assistant at the Harvard Astronomical Observatory from 1869 to 1872 and made a series of astronomical observations there from 1872 to 1875. Solon I. Bailey says of these observations, "The first attempt at the Harvard Observatory to determine the form of the Milky Way, or the galactic system, was made by Charles S. Peirce....The investigation was of a pioneer nature, founded on scant data."

Peirce also made major contributions in fields as diverse as mathematical logic and psychology. C. I. Lewis has remarked that "the head and font of mathematical logic are found in the calculus of propositional functions as developed by Peirce and Schroeder." Peirce subsequently invented, almost from whole cloth, semiotics - the science of the meaning of signs. Ogden and Richards, the British critics, say that "by far the most elaborate and determined attempt to give an account of signs and their meanings is that of the American logician C. S. Peirce, from whom William James took the idea and the term Pragmatism, and whose Algebra of Dyadic Relations was developed by Schroeder."
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The Cloth of Many Colored Silks
Papers on History and Society Ghanaian and Islamic in Honor of Ivor Wilks
John Hunwick and Nancy Lawler
Northwestern University Press, 1997
The Cloth of Many Colored Silks collects a wide variety of scholarship dealing with Ghanaian history and society, including papers by Basil Davidson, Jean Allman, Esther Goody and Jack Goody, Sandra E. Greene, Polly Hill, Ray A. Kea, Peter Shinnie, Victoria B. Tashjian, Larry W. Yarak, Ralph A. Austen, Paulo Fernando de Moraes Farias, Robert S. Kramer, Robert Launay, Donna J.E. Maier, R.S. O'Fahey, David Owusu-Ansah, and Enid Schildkrout.
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The Collected Works of William Howard Taft, Volume VII
Taft Papers on League of Nations
Frank X. Gerrity
Ohio University Press, 2003

Eager to turn the congressional election of 1918 into a confirmation of his foreign policy, President Woodrow Wilson was criticized for abandoning the spirit of the popular slogan “Politics adjourned!”

His predecessor, William Howard Taft, found Wilson difficult to deal with and took issue with his version of the League of Nations, which Taft felt was inferior to the model proposed by the League to Enforce Peace. Rather than join the massive Republican opposition to the Treaty of Versailles, however, Taft instead supported Wilson’s controversial decision to travel to Paris as the head of the American peace delegation, and he defended the critical tenth article in the covenant, which detractors saw as a surrender of American sovereignty. He also counseled Wilson to insert a clause concerning the Monroe Doctrine that would pacify the Senate’s group of “reservationists,” whose votes were essential to approval of the treaty.

Volume VII in The Collected Works of William Howard Taft consists of the Taft Papers on League of Nations originally published in 1920. This is a collection ofTaft’s speeches, newspaper articles, and complementary documents that reflect his consistent support for a league of nations and, eventually, for the Covenant of the League of Nations emanating from the Paris Peace Conference.

Although the failure of the treaty and its League of Nations can probably be laid at the feet of an obstinate Wilson and a wily Henry Cabot Lodge, William Howard Taft can be credited with rising above partisanship to emerge as the League’s most consistent supporter.

As in the rest of the Collected Works, Taft Papers on League of Nations provides a window on the machinations surrounding some of the most significant decisions of the era.

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Constraint-Based Syntax and Semantics
Papers in Honor of Danièle Godard
Edited by Anne Abeille and Olivier Bonami
CSLI, 2018
This volume is devoted to the syntax and semantics of various languages, studied with models based on constraints. Both French and international linguists present their work in tribute to Danièle Godard, emeritus research director at the Centre national de la recherche scientifique in France, a member of the Laboratoire de Linguistique Formelle at Université Paris Diderot, and a specialist in the syntax and semantics of French and Romance languages.
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Counseling and the College Program
Papers from the Third Annual Conference of Administrators of College and University Counseling Programs, held at Michigan State College in November 1952
Ralph Berdie
University of Minnesota Press, 1954

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Daniel Webster, “The Completest Man”
Documents from The Papers of Daniel Webster
Edited by Kenneth E. Shewmaker and Daniel Webster
Brandeis University Press, 1993
Documents from The Papers of Daniel Webster
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Digging for Gold
Papers on Archaeology for Profit
Edited by William K. Macdonald
University of Michigan Press, 2019
Editor William K. Macdonald presents several essays on contract archaeology, or archaeological work done by companies or agencies on sites that typically are about to be destroyed by construction. Thomas J. Riley reports on contract archaeology and the academic world; James E. Fitting writes from the perspective of a state archaeologist; Macdonald and Alex H. Townsend report on problems in corporate archaeology; Townsend writes about how contracts are acquired; and Steven A. LeBlanc reports on the need for regions to have an overall research design and to follow best practices in hiring, technological improvements, and storage.
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Early Encounters
Native Americans and Europeans in New England. From the Papers of W. Sears Nickerson
Delores Bird Carpenter
Michigan State University Press, 1994

Early Encounters contains a selection of nineteen essays from the papers of prominent New England historian, antiquarian, and genealogist Warren Sears Nickerson (1880-1966). This extensive study of his own family ties to the Mayflower, and his exhaustive investigation of the first contacts between Europeans and Native Americans, in what is today New England, made him an unquestioned authority in both fields. 
     The research upon which the text of Early Encounters is based occurred between the 1920s and the 1950s. Each of Nickerson’s works included in this carefully edited volume is placed in its context by Delores Bird Carpenter; she provides the reader with a wealth of useful background information about each essay’s origin, as well as Nickerson’s reasons for undertaking the research. Material is arranged thematically: the arrival of the Mayflower; conflicts between Europeans and Native Americans; and other topics related to the history and legends of early European settlement on Cape Cod. Early Encounters is a thoughtfully researched, readable book that presents a rich and varied account of life in colonial New England.

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East & West
Papers in Ancient History Presented to Glen W. Bowersock
T. Corey Brennan
Harvard University Press, 2008

The papers in this volume are based on a 2006 Princeton University symposium in honor of Glen W. Bowersock on the occasion of his retirement from the faculty of the Institute for Advanced Study. Here a distinguished international group of ancient historians explores the classical antiquity that Bowersock has given us over a scholarly career of almost fifty years.

The topics offered in East and West range throughout the ancient world from the second century BCE to late antiquity, from Hellenistic Greece and Republican Rome to Egypt and Arabia, from the Second Sophistic to Roman imperial discourse, from Sulla’s self-presentation in his memoirs to charitable giving among the Manichaeans in Egypt.

This collection of essays represents the first attempt to take in Glen Bowersock’s well-developed scholarly interests as a whole. The contributors open up new avenues that often run well beyond the conventional geographical and temporal boundaries of the Greco-Roman Mediterranean, leading to a host of fresh insights into antique thought and life.

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The Economics of Agriculture, Volume 2
Papers in Honor of D. Gale Johnson
Edited by John M. Antle and Daniel A. Sumner
University of Chicago Press, 1995
D. Gale Johnson, one of the world's foremost agricultural economists, has over the last five decades changed the conduct of research on agricultural economics and policy. The papers brought together in The Economics of Agriculture reveal the breadth and depth of his influence on the creation of modern agricultural economics.

Volume 1 collects for the first time in one source Johnson's most important work. These classic papers explore the consequences of government intervention in United States and world agriculture; the economics of agricultural supply and of rural labor and human capital issues; and the analysis of agricultural productivity in poor countries, including the centrally planned economies of China and Eastern Europe. Models of precise reasoning and powerful empirical research, the papers cover a wide range of topics—from U.S. commodity price policy to the economics of population control and farm policy reform in China. Volume 1 includes a definitive bibliography of Johnson's published writings.

Volume 2 presents twenty-two papers by Johnson's former students and colleagues. International in scope, these papers explore themes and topics inspired by Johnson's work, including agricultural policy and U.S. farm prices; European Common Agricultural Policy; and agricultural and rural development in the Third World. Contributors to Volume 2 are David G. Abler, John M. Antle, Richard R. Barichello, Andrew P. Barkley, Karen Brooks, David S. Bullock, Robert E. Evenson, B. Delworth Gardner, Bruce L. Gardner, Dale M. Hoover, Wallace E. Huffman, Paul R. Johnson, Yoav Kislev, Justin Yifu Lin, Yair Mundlak, John Nash, Keijuro Otsuka, Willis Peterson, Todd E. Petzel, Vernon W. Ruttan, Maurice Schiff, G. Edward Schuh, Theodore W. Schultz, James Snyder, Vasant Sukhatme, Daniel A. Sumner, Vinod Thomas, George Tolley, and Alberto Valdes.
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Form and Meaning in Language
Volume I, Papers on Semantic Roles
Charles Fillmore
CSLI, 2003
The early papers collected here trace a trajectory through the work and thinking of Charles Fillmore over his long and distinguished career—reflecting his desire to make sense of the workings of language in a way that keeps in mind questions of language form, language use, and the conventions linking form, meaning, and practice.
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Form and Meaning in Language, Volume II
Papers on Discourse and Pragmatics
Charles J. Fillmore
CSLI, 2020
This volume continues the collection of work by Charles J. Fillmore, which he started in 2003. Taken together, the work gathered in these volumes reflects Fillmore’s desire to make sense of the workings of language in a way that keeps in mind questions of language form, language use, and the conventions linking form, meaning, and practice.
 
Divided into four parts, the papers collected in Volume II explore language in use; semantics and pragmatics; text and discourse; and language in society.
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Form and Meaning in Language, Volume III
Papers on Linguistic Theory and Constructions
Charles J. Fillmore
CSLI, 2020
This volume continues the collection of work by Charles J. Fillmore, which he started in 2003. Taken together, the work gathered in these volumes reflects Fillmore’s desire to make sense of the workings of language in a way that keeps in mind questions of language form, language use, and the conventions linking form, meaning, and practice.
 
Divided into four parts, the papers collected in Volume III explore the organization of linguistic knowledge; the foundations of constructing grammar; construction grammar analyses; and constructions and language in use.
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From Quirky Case to Representing Space
Papers in Honor of Annie Zaenen
Edited by Tracy Holloway King and Valeria de Paiva
CSLI
Annie Zaenen’s research has broadly influenced the field of linguistics from the underlying architecture of formal theories to the minute details of lexical representation. This volume assembles a wide range of essays from linguists who have been profoundly influenced by Zaenen’s work. Taking Zaenen as a model, the contributors explore a variety of topics, including the mapping of syntax onto argument and the relationship between syntax and semantics. From Quirky Case to Representing Space presents new research in linguistics, but also reasserts Zaenen’s crucial role in the evolution of linguistic theory.   
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Hull-House Maps and Papers
A Presentation of Nationalities and Wages in a Congested District of Chicago, Together with Comments and Essays on Problems Growing Out of the Social Conditions
By Residents of Hull-House
University of Illinois Press, 2006

Inspired by their Progressive Era faith in social science solutions to society’s problems, the residents of Hull-House collaborated on this work of sociology based on their experiences as residents of Chicago’s Near West Side. The contributors to this book believed that an enlightened citizenry could be mobilized for reform, and that by publishing maps with explicit information about the wages and conditions of the working poor in Chicago’s Nineteenth Ward they would educate the public and inspire reforms.

In addition to Jane Addams’s own prefatory note and paper on the role of social settlements in the labor movement, contributors provided detailed, real-world analyses of the Chicago Jewish ghetto, garment workers and the sweatshops, child labor, immigrant neighborhoods in the vicinity of Hull-House, and local charities. This edition also contains eight color reproductions of the original Hull-House neighborhood maps.  The year 2006 marks the one hundred and eleventh anniversary of the publication of Hull-House Maps and Papers, and the volume remains a dramatic statement about the residents’ shared values as well as a major influence on subsequent social surveys. 

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The Keats Circle
Letters and Papers, 1816-1878 and More Letters and Poems, 1814-1879, Second edition
Hyder Edward Rollins
Harvard University Press, 1965
This new edition, with a preface by W. J. Bate, incorporates More Letters and Poems of the Keats Circle (HUP, 1955), includes all of Hyder Rollins' corrections, and retains the original pagination of the first editions.
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The Matching Law
Papers in Psychology and Economics
Richard J. Herrnstein
Harvard University Press

This impressive collection features Richard Herrnstein's most important and original contributions to the social and behavioral sciences--his papers on choice behavior in animals and humans and on his discovery and elucidation of a general principle of choice called the matching law.

In recent years, the most popular theory of choice behavior has been rational choice theory. Developed and elaborated by economists over the past hundred years, it claims that individuals make choices in such a way as to maximize their well-being or utility under whatever constraints they face; that is, people make the best of their situations. Rational choice theory holds undisputed sway in economics, and has become an important explanatory framework in political science, sociology, and psychology. Nevertheless, its empirical support is thin.

The matching law is perhaps the most important competing explanatory account of choice behavior. It views choice not as a single event or an internal process of the organism but as a rate of observable events over time. It states that instead of maximizing utility, the organism allocates its behavior over various activities in exact proportion to the value derived from each activity. It differs subtly but significantly from rational choice theory in its predictions of how people exert self-control, for example, how they decide whether to forgo immediate pleasures for larger but delayed rewards. It provides, through the primrose path hypothesis, a powerful explanation of alcohol and narcotic addiction. It can also be used to explain biological phenomena, such as genetic selection and foraging behavior, as well as economic decision making.

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New Ways of Looking at Old Texts, VI
Papers of the Renaissance English Text Society 2011-2016
Edited by Arthur F. Marotti
Arizona Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, 2019

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The Papers of Clarence Mitchell Jr., Volume I
1942–1943
Clarence Mitchell Jr.
Ohio University Press, 2005

Clarence Mitchell Jr. was the driving force in the movement for passage of civil rights laws in America. The foundation for Mitchell’s struggle was laid during his tenure at the Fair Employment Practice Committee, where he led implementation of President Roosevelt’s policy barring racial discrimination in employment in the national defense and war industry programs. Mitchell’s FEPC reports and memoranda chart the beginning of the modern civil rights movement.

The first two volumes of a projected five-volume documentary edition of The Papers of Clarence Mitchell Jr. illuminate the FEPC’s work as a federal affirmative-action agency and the government’s struggle to enforce the nation’s antidiscrimination policy in industry, federal agencies, and labor unions.

Subsequent volumes will trace Mitchell’s successive enlistment of seven presidents in establishing and enforcing a permanent national nondiscrimination policy. Through his efforts, Congress passed the 1957, 1960, and 1964 Civil Rights Acts prohibiting discrimination in public accommodations, federal spending, and employment based on race, color, sex, and national origin; the 1965 Voting Rights Act; and the 1968 Fair Housing Act.

Editor Denton L. Watson introduces and annotates Mitchell’s writings, providing context and insight for students and scholars of civil rights history, government, law, and sociology.

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The Papers of Clarence Mitchell Jr., Volume II
1944–1946
Clarence Mitchell Jr.
Ohio University Press, 2005

Clarence Mitchell Jr. was the driving force in the movement for passage of civil rights laws in America. The foundation for Mitchell’s struggle was laid during his tenure at the Fair Employment Practice Committee, where he led implementation of President Roosevelt’s policy barring racial discrimination in employment in the national defense and war industry programs. Mitchell’s FEPC reports and memoranda chart the beginning of the modern civil rights movement.

The first two volumes of a projected five-volume documentary edition of The Papers of Clarence Mitchell Jr. illuminate the FEPC’s work as a federal affirmative-action agency and the government’s struggle to enforce the nation’s antidiscrimination policy in industry, federal agencies, and labor unions.

Subsequent volumes will trace Mitchell’s successive enlistment of seven presidents in establishing and enforcing a permanent national nondiscrimination policy. Through his efforts, Congress passed the 1957, 1960, and 1964 Civil Rights Acts prohibiting discrimination in public accommodations, federal spending, and employment based on race, color, sex, and national origin; the 1965 Voting Rights Act; and the 1968 Fair Housing Act.

Editor Denton L. Watson introduces and annotates Mitchell’s writings, providing context and insight for students and scholars of civil rights history, government, law, and sociology.

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The Papers of Clarence Mitchell Jr., Volume V
The Struggle to Pass the 1957 Civil Rights Act, 1955–1958
Clarence Mitchell Jr.
Ohio University Press, 2021

Volume V of The Papers of Clarence Mitchell Jr. records the successful effort to pass the 1957 Civil Rights Act: the first federal civil rights legislation since 1875.

Prior to the US Supreme Court’s landmark 1954 decision in Brown v. Board of Education, the NAACP had faced an impenetrable wall of opposition from southerners in Congress. Basing their assertions on the court’s 1896 “separate but equal” decision in Plessy v. Ferguson, legislators from the South maintained that their Jim Crow system was nondiscriminatory and thus constitutional. In their view, further civil rights laws were unnecessary. In ruling that legally mandated segregation of public schools was unconstitutional, the Brown decision demolished the southerners’ argument. Mitchell then launched the decisive stage of the struggle to pass modern civil rights laws.

The passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1957 was the first comprehensive lobbying campaign by an organization dedicated to that purpose since Reconstruction. Coming on the heels of the Brown decision, the 1957 law was a turning point in the struggle to accord Black citizens full equality under the Constitution. The act’s passage, however, was nearly derailed in the Senate by southern opposition and Senator Strom Thurmond’s record-setting filibuster, which lasted more than twenty-four hours. Congress later weakened several provisions of the act but—crucially—it broke a psychological barrier to the legislative enactment of such measures.

The Papers of Clarence Mitchell Jr. is a detailed record of the NAACP leader’s success in bringing the legislative branch together with the judicial and executive branches to provide civil rights protections during the twentieth century.

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The Papers of Clarence Mitchell Jr., Volume VI
The Struggle to Pass the 1960 Civil Rights Act, 1959–1960
Clarence Mitchell Jr.
Ohio University Press, 2021

The Civil Rights Act of 1960 aimed to close loopholes in its 1957 predecessor that had allowed continued voter disenfranchisement for African Americans and for Mexicans in Texas.

In early 1959, the newly seated Eighty-Sixth Congress had four major civil rights bills under consideration. Eventually consolidated into the 1960 Civil Rights Act, their purpose was to correct the weaknesses in the 1957 law. Mitchell’s papers from 1959 to 1960 show the extent to which congressional resistance to the passage of meaningful civil rights laws contributed to the lunch counter sit-ins in Greensboro, North Carolina, and to subsequent demonstrations. The papers reveal how the repercussions of these events affected the NAACP’s work in Washington and how, despite their dislike of demonstrations, NAACP officials used them to intensify the civil rights struggle.

Among the act’s seven titles were provisions authorizing federal inspection of local voter registration rolls and penalties for anyone attempting to interfere with voters on the basis of race or color. The law extended the powers of the US Commission on Civil Rights and broadened the legal definition of the verb to vote to encompass all elements of the process: registering, casting a ballot, and properly counting that ballot. Ultimately, Mitchell considered the 1960 act unsuccessful because Congress had failed to include key amendments that would have further strengthened the 1957 act. In the House, representatives used parliamentary tactics to stall employment protections, school desegregation, poll-tax elimination, and other meaningful civil rights reforms. The fight would continue.

The Papers of Clarence Mitchell Jr. series is a detailed record of the NAACP leader’s success in bringing the legislative branch together with the judicial and executive branches to provide civil rights protections during the twentieth century.

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The Papers of James Madison, Volume 5
1 August-31 December 1782
James Madison
University of Chicago Press, 1967
During the last five months of 1782, Madison continued to advocate close co-operation with France. To assure the durability of the Confederation, he endeavored to induce delinquent states to pay their financial quotas, and advocated adoption of a proposed impost amendment.
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The Papers of James Madison, Volume 6
1 January 1783-30 April 1783
James Madison
University of Chicago Press, 1969
During the first four months of 1783, when the United States was neither wholly at war nor wholly at peace, a cluster of difficult problems confronted James Madison and his fellow delegates in Congress. Faced with the interlocking issues of finance, demobilization, and foreign affairs, Congress held many contentious sessions early in the year. The sparseness of the official journal enhances the value of the notes on debates, recorded by Madison, for illuminating the discussions.
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The Papers of James Madison, Volume 7
3 May 1783-29 February 1784
James Madison
University of Chicago Press, 1971
During the first six of the ten months covered by this volume, Madison completed his initial period of service as a delegate from Virginia in the Congress of the Confederation. His correspondence with Thomas Jefferson and Edmund Randolph, as well as his other papers, reveal the mounting difficulties besetting him and his fellow nationalists who sought to preserve a union among the thirteen states. The major problems, which included demobilizing the discontented army, obtaining public revenue, funding the Confederation debt, pressing the British to evacuate their military posts, enforcing the preliminary articles of peace, creating a public domain in the West, locating a provisional or permanent capital of the Confederation, and negotiating commercial treaties with European powers, fostered sectionalism, factionalism, and an emphasis upon state sovereignty. As a prominent member of Congress, Madison sought legislative and constitutional remedies for this menacing divisiveness. To him the maintenence of the new nation embodied "the greatest trust ever confided to a political society," for it was "the last and fairest experiment in favor of the rights of human nature."

Early in December, after an absence of over three years, Madison returned to Montpelier, his father's estate. There during the winter of 1783-1784, he studied law, renewed old friendships, and canvassed the residents of Orange County for support of his candidacy for election to the House of Delegates of the Virginia General Assembly.

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Papers of John Adams
Edited by Gregg L. Lint, Sara Martin, C. James Taylor, Sara Georgini, Hobson Woodward, Sara B. Sikes, Amanda M. Norton
Harvard University Press, 2016

Volume 18 is the final volume of the Papers of John Adams wholly devoted to Adams’ diplomatic career. It chronicles fourteen months of his tenure as minister to Great Britain and his joint commission, with Thomas Jefferson, to negotiate treaties with Europe and North Africa. With respect to Britain, Adams found it impossible to do “any Thing Satisfactory, with this Nation,” and the volume ends with his decision to resign his posts. His diplomatic efforts, Adams thought, were too much akin to “making brick without straw.”

John Adams’ ministerial efforts in London were disappointing, but other aspects of his life were not. He and Jefferson failed to finalize treaties with Portugal and Great Britain, but they did, through agent Thomas Barclay, conclude a treaty with Morocco. Barclay’s letters are the earliest and most evocative American accounts of that region. Adams witnessed the marriage of his daughter, Abigail 2d, to William Stephens Smith, promoted the ordination of American Episcopal bishops, and toured the English countryside, first with Thomas Jefferson and then with his family. Most significant perhaps was the publication of the first volume of Adams’ Defence of the Constitutions of Government of the United States of America. This work is often attributed to concern over Shays’ Rebellion, of which Adams knew little when he began drafting. In fact, it was Adams’ summer 1786 visit to the Netherlands that provoked his work. There, Dutch Patriot friends, involved in their own revolution, expressed interest in seeing “upon paper” his remarks “respecting Government.”

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Papers of John Adams
Edited by Gregg L. Lint, Margaret A. Hogan, C. James Taylor, Anne Decker Cecere, Richard Alan Ryerson, Jennifer Shea, and Celeste Walker
Harvard University Press, 1977

In mid-March 1781, John Adams received his commission and instructions as minister to the Netherlands and embarked on the boldest initiative of his diplomatic career. Disappointed by the lack of interest shown by Dutch investors in his efforts to raise a loan for the United States, Adams changed his tactics, and in a memorial made a forthright appeal to the States General of the Netherlands for immediate recognition of the United States. Published in Dutch, English, and French, it offered all of Europe a radical vision of the ordinary citizen’s role in determining political events. In this volume, for the first time, the circumstances and reasoning behind Adams’s bold moves in the spring of 1781 are presented in full.

In July the French court summoned Adams, the only American in Europe empowered to negotiate an Anglo–American peace, to Paris for consultations regarding an offer made by Austria and Russia to mediate the Anglo–French war. In his correspondence with France’s foreign minister, the Comte de Vergennes, Adams passionately insisted that the United States was fully and unambiguously independent and sovereign and must be recognized as such by Great Britain before any negotiations took place. This volume shows John Adams to be a determined and resourceful diplomat, unafraid to go beyond the bounds of traditional diplomacy to implement his vision of American foreign policy.

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Papers of John Adams
John Adams
Harvard University Press, 1977

No family in three generations has contributed so much to American history as the Adamses. John Adams, John Quincy Adams, and Charles Francis Adams, despite periods of doubt, knew that history, if not their contemporaries, would recognize their accomplishments. When the Adams Papers series is complete, the writings of these three statesmen will have been examined thoroughly.

Aside from the Legal Papers of John Adams, published in 1965, these two volumes are the first in Series III: General Correspondence and Other Papers of the Adams Statesmen. Volumes 1 and 2 of the Papers of John Adams include letters to and from friends and colleagues, reports of committees on which he served, his polemical writings, published and unpublished, and state papers to which he made a contribution.

All of Adams’s newspaper writings, including “A Dissertation on the Canon and the Feudal Law,” are in these two volumes. In addition to being a condemnation of the Stamp Act, the “Dissertation” is shown to be one of the building blocks of the theory of a commonwealth of independent states under the king, which reaches complete statement in the Novanglus letters. For the first time, all thirteen of these letters appear in full with annotation.

The period September 1755 to April 1775 covers Adams’s public service in Braintree and Boston town meetings, the Massachusetts House of Representatives, the First Continental Congress, and the First Provincial Congress of Massachusetts. During this time his political future was being shaped by circumstances not always of his choosing. He hesitated at first at the threshold of a public career, political ambition in conflict with concern for his family’s well-being. But as the confrontation with Great Britain sharpened, the crisis became acute; no choice remained. For Adams there was no shirking the path of duty.

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Papers of John Adams
John Adams
Harvard University Press, 1977

On the last day of December 1780, John Adams wrote that he had just spent “the most anxious and mortifying Year of my whole Life.” He had resided first at Paris, then at Amsterdam, attempting, without success, to open Anglo–American peace negotiations and to raise a Dutch loan. In volumes 9 and 10 of the Papers of John Adams, over 600 letters and documents that Adams sent to and received from numerous correspondents in Europe and America provide an unparalleled view of Adams’s diplomacy and a wealth of detail on the world in which he lived.

These volumes chronicle Adams’s efforts to convince the British people and their leaders that Britain’s economic survival demanded an immediate peace; his “snarling growling” debate with the French foreign minister, the Comte de Vergennes, over the proper Franco–American relationship; and his struggle to obtain a loan in the Netherlands, where policies were dictated by Mammon rather than republican virtue. Adams’s writings, diplomatic dispatches, and personal correspondence all make clear the scope of his intelligence gathering and his propaganda efforts in the British, French, and Dutch press. The letters reflect his interest in Bordeaux wines, the fate of Massachusetts Constitution that he had drafted in 1779, and political developments in Philadelphia, Boston, London, and St. Petersburg. The volumes leave no doubt as to John Adams’s unwavering commitment to the American cause. Even in this most difficult year, he believed the revolution in America to be “the greatest that ever took Place among Men.” He felt honored to serve a new nation where “the Wisdom and not the Man is attended to,” whose citizens were fighting a “People’s War” from which the United States would inevitably emerge victorious to take its rightful place on the world stage.

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Papers of John Adams
Edited by Gregg L. Lint, Margaret A. Hogan, C. James Taylor, Anne Decker Cecere, Richard Alan Ryerson, Jennifer Shea, and Celeste Walker
Harvard University Press, 1977

The American victory at Yorktown in October 1781 and the fall of Lord North’s ministry in March 1782 opened the possibility that John Adams might soon be involved in negotiations to end the war for American independence. To prepare for the occasion, Adams and Benjamin Franklin discussed in their letters the fundamentals for peace. Adams made it clear to the British government that there would be no negotiations without British recognition of the United States as independent and sovereign.

This volume chronicles Adams’s efforts, against great odds, to achieve formal recognition of the new United States. The documents include his vigorous response to criticism of his seemingly unorthodox methods by those who would have preferred that he pursue a different course, including Congress’s newly appointed secretary for foreign affairs, Robert R. Livingston.

In April 1782 the Netherlands recognized the United States and admitted John Adams as its minister. For Adams it was “the most Signal Epocha, in the History of a Century,” and he would forever see it as the foremost achievement of his diplomatic career. The volume ends with Adams, at long last a full-fledged member of the diplomatic corps, describing his reception by the States General and his audiences with the Prince and Princess of Orange.

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Papers of John Adams
John Adams
Harvard University Press, 1977

“Once more after an Interruption of ten Years, I pronounce myself a happy Man, and pray Heaven to continue me so.” Thus wrote John Adams in late August 1784 after the arrival in Europe of his wife Abigail and daughter Nabby. Adams and his family were living together in the pleasant Paris suburb of Auteuil. There Adams, with Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson, formed a joint commission to conclude commercial treaties with the nations of Europe and North Africa. For the first time since he had left America in 1778 on his first diplomatic mission, Adams was no longer engaged in “militia diplomacy.”

Volume 16 of the Papers of John Adams chronicles fourteen months of Adams’ diplomatic career. As minister to the Netherlands he raised a new Dutch loan to save America from financial ruin. As joint commissioner he negotiated a commercial treaty with Prussia, proposed similar treaties with other European nations, and prepared to negotiate with the Barbary states. The commissioners also sought to resolve Anglo-American differences left over from the peace negotiations and arising from the two nations’ burgeoning trade. Volume 16 thus forms a prelude to the next phase of John Adams’ diplomatic career, for his February 1785 appointment as minister to the Court of St. James meant that the management of Anglo-American relations would be his responsibility alone.

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Papers of John Adams
John Adams
Harvard University Press, 1977
Vice President John Adams and the US government faced a turbulent world of rebellion in this volume of the Papers of John Adams, which chronicles the period from March 1791 to January 1797. The grim shadow of the French Revolution and the whirlwind of a massive European war left political leaders like Adams struggling to uphold the young nation’s neutrality. “I Suffer inexpressible Pains, from the bloody feats of War and Still more from those of Party Passions,” he observed. With the federal system newly in place, fresh challenges crept in on all sides. Adams and his colleagues sought to bolster the government against the effects of the Whiskey Rebellion, a seething partisan press, a brutal yellow fever epidemic in Philadelphia, and violent clashes with Native peoples on the Ohio frontier. Working with George Washington and an increasingly fractious cabinet, Adams approached a set of issues that defined US foreign policy for decades to come, including the negotiation, ratification, and funding of the controversial Jay Treaty, as well as the awkward cultivation of ties with France. Revealing exchanges to Adams from son John Quincy, a junior statesman who sent rich reports from war-torn Europe, underline the family’s enduring commitment to public service. Pausing on the cusp of his presidency, John Adams amplified his lifelong dedication to sustaining democracy, amid bouts of internal and external crisis: “I am happy that it has fallen to my share to do some thing towards setting the Machine in motion,” he wrote.
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Papers of John Adams
John Adams
Harvard University Press, 1977
John Adams’s shaping of the vice presidency dominates this volume of the Papers of John Adams, which chronicles a formative era in American government spanning June 1789 to February 1791. As the first federal Congress struggled to interpret the US Constitution and implement a new economic framework, Adams held fast to federalist principles and staked out boundaries for his executive powers. Meeting in New York City, Adams and his colleagues warred over how to collect revenue and where to locate the federal seat. They established and staffed the departments of state, treasury, and war. Adams focused on presiding over the Senate, where he broke several ties. Enduring the daily grind of politics, he lauded the “National Spirit” of his fellow citizens and pledged to continue laboring for the needs of the American people. “If I did not love them now, I would not Serve them another hour—for I very well know that Vexation and Chagrine, must be my Portion, every moment I shall continue in public Life,” Adams wrote. He plunged back into writing, using his Discourses on Davila to synthesize national progress with republican history. Whether or not the union would hold, as regional interests impeded congressional action, remained Adams’s chief concern. “There is every Evidence of good Intentions on all sides but there are too many Symptoms of old Colonial Habits: and too few, of great national Views,” he observed. Once again, John Adams’s frank letters reveal firsthand the labor of nation-building in an age of constitutions.
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Papers of John Adams
John Adams
Harvard University Press, 1977

“Huzza for the new World and farewell to the Old One,” John Adams wrote in late 1787, wrapping up a decade’s worth of diplomatic service in Europe. Volume 19 of the Papers of John Adams chronicles Adams’s last duties in London and The Hague. In the twenty-eight months documented here, he petitioned the British ministry to halt impressment of American sailors, toured the English countryside, and observed parliamentary politics. Adams salvaged U.S. credit by contracting two new Dutch loans amid the political chaos triggered by William V’s resurgence. Correspondents like Thomas Jefferson and the Marquis de Lafayette mulled over the Anglo–American trade war that followed the Revolution and reported on the French Assembly of Notables—topics that Adams commented on with trademark candor. He wrote the final two volumes of his work, A Defence of the Constitutions of Government of the United States of America.

Adams yearned to return home and see the American republic take shape. “For a Man who has been thirty Years rolling like a stone,” Adams wrote, the choice was whether to “set down in private Life to his Plough; or push into turbulent scenes of Sedition and Tumult; whether be sent to Congress, or a Convention or God knows what.” Back on his native soil of Massachusetts in June 1788, Adams settled into rural retirement with wife Abigail and watched the U.S. Constitution’s ratification evolve. By volume’s end, John Adams again resumes public life, ready to serve as America’s first vice president.

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Papers of John Adams
John Adams
Harvard University Press, 1977

"You may well Suppose that I was the Focus of all Eyes," John Adams wrote on 2 June 1785 of his first audience with George III, which formally inaugurated the post of American minister to Great Britain. Eager to restore "the old good Nature and the old good Humour" between the two nations, Adams spent the following months establishing the U.S. legation at No. 8 Grosvenor Square. For Adams, it was a period of multiple responsibilities and mixed success. He remained minister to the Netherlands and one of the joint commissioners charged with negotiating commercial treaties with the nations of Europe and North Africa--sensitive duties that occasionally called for Adams to encode his correspondence with the aid of his new secretary and future son-in-law, Col. William Stephens Smith.

Rebuffed by the British ministry in his mission to enforce the peace treaty of 1783 and renew Anglo-American commerce, Adams identified and achieved other goals. He preserved American credit despite the bankruptcy of a Dutch banking house that handled U.S. loans, petitioned for the release of impressed sailors, marked the ratification of the Prussian-American treaty, championed the needs of the American Episcopal Church, and laid the groundwork for negotiations with the Barbary States. His attention was not confined solely to foreign affairs. John Adams's letters from London, laced with his trademark candor, demonstrate his ripening Federalist view of the new American government's vulnerability and promise.

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Papers of John Adams
Adams FamilyEdited by Gregg L. Lint, C. James Taylor, Robert F. Karachuk, Hobson Woodward, Margaret A. Hogan, Sara B. Sikes, Mary T. Claffey, and Karen N. Barzilay
Harvard University Press, 1977

On September 3, 1783, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, and John Jay signed the definitive Anglo-American peace treaty. Adams and his colleagues strived to establish a viable relationship between the new nation and its largest trading partner but were stymied by rising British anti-Americanism.

Adams’ diplomatic efforts were also complicated by domestic turmoil. Americans, in a rehearsal for the later Federalist-Antifederalist conflict over the United States Constitution, were debating the proper relationship between the central government and the states. Adams, a Federalist as early as 1783, argued persuasively for a government that honored its treaties and paid its foreign debts. But when bills far exceeding the funds available for their redemption were sent to Europe, he was forced to undertake a dangerous winter journey to the Netherlands to raise a new loan and save the United States from financial disaster.

None of the founding fathers equals the candor of John Adams’ observations of his eighteenth-century world. His letters, always interesting, reveal with absolute clarity Adams’ positions on the personalities and issues of his times.

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Papers of John Adams
Edited by Gregg L. Lint, Margaret A. Hogan, C. James Taylor, Hobson Woodward, Mary T. Claffey, Sara B. Sikes, and Judith S. Graham
Harvard University Press, 1977

John Adams reached Paris on October 26, 1782, for the final act of the American Revolution: the peace treaty. This volume chronicles his role in the negotiations and the decision to conclude a peace separate from France. Determined that the United States pursue an independent foreign policy, Adams's letters criticized Congress's naive confidence in France. But in April 1783, frustrated at delays over the final treaty and at real and imagined slights from Congress and Benjamin Franklin, Adams believed the crux of the problem was Franklin's moral bankruptcy and servile Francophilia in the service of a duplicitous Comte de Vergennes.

Volume 14 covers more than just the peace negotiations. As American minister to the Netherlands, Adams managed the distribution of funds from the Dutch-American loan. Always an astute observer, he commented on the fall of the Shelburne ministry and its replacement by the Fox-North coalition, the future of the Anglo-American relationship, and the prospects for the United States in the post-revolutionary world. But he was also an anxious father, craving news of John Quincy Adams's slow journey from St. Petersburg to The Hague. By May 1783, Adams was tired of Europe, but resigned to remaining until his work was done.

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Papers of John Adams
Edited by Gregg L. Lint, Margaret A. Hogan, C. James Taylor, Jessie May Rodrique, Mary T. Claffey, and Hobson Woodward
Harvard University Press, 1977

A new chapter in John Adams's diplomatic career opened when the Dutch recognized the United States in April 1782. Operating from the recently purchased American legation at The Hague, Adams focused his energies on raising a much needed loan from Dutch bankers and negotiating a Dutch-American commercial treaty. This volume chronicles Adams's efforts to achieve these objectives, but it also provides an unparalleled view of eighteenth-century American diplomacy on the eve of a peace settlement ending the eight-year war of the American Revolution.

John Adams was a shrewd observer of the political and diplomatic world in which he functioned and his comments on events and personalities remain the most candid and revealing of any American in Europe. His correspondence traces the complex negotiations necessary to raise a Dutch loan and throws new light on his conclusion of a treaty of amity and commerce with the Netherlands, achievements of which he was most proud. Events in England and elsewhere in Europe also provided grist for his pen. Would the establishment in July of a new ministry under the earl of Shelburne hinder or advance the cause of peace? That question bedeviled Adams and his correspondents for the fate of the new nation literally rode on its answer. The volume ends with Adams's triumphal departure from The Hague to face new challenges at Paris as one of the American commissioners to negotiate an Anglo-American peace treaty.

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Papers of John Adams
John Adams
Harvard University Press, 1977

These volumes provide an unparalleled account of the conduct of American diplomacy in the early years of the republic, while the war with Britain continued and after the treaty of alliance with France was signed. John Adams served for ten months as a commissioner to France. Though he was the newest member of the three-man commission, he was its chief administrator, handling most of its correspondence, and his papers are the first full documentary record of the commission ever published. They provide a wealth of detail on every aspect of diplomacy, from negotiations with ministers of state to the arranging of prisoner exchanges.

The documents throw new light on Adams’s relations with his fellow commissioners, Benjamin Franklin and Arthur Lee. Historians have depicted Adams as hostile to Franklin and supportive of Lee, but the record shows that he found himself increasingly in disagreement with Lee, while working harmoniously with Franklin from the outset. Moreover, after the commission was disbanded in February 1779 and Franklin was appointed Minister to France—a move Adams had advocated—he undertook an important mission at Franklin’s behest. It is now clear that the rift that developed between the two statesmen did not begin until after Adams’s return to Paris in 1780.

Legal and constitutional scholars will find Volume 8 of particular interest. The Massachusetts Constitution of 1780, drafted by John Adams in 1779, served as a crucial source for the Constitution of the United States; today it is the oldest written constitution in the world still in effect. The earliest surviving version of Adams’s text, the Report of a Constitution for the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is here published with full annotation for the first time. It is John Adams’s most enduring constitutional work.

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Papers of John Adams
John Adams
Harvard University Press, 1977

These volumes document John Adams’s thinking and actions during the final years of his congressional service and take him through his first five months as a Commissioner in France in association with Benjamin Franklin and Arthur Lee.

While Adams was still in Philadelphia, military matters continued to he his major concern. Most demanding was his presidency of the Board of War, which took up his “whole Time, every Morning and Evening.” In general, though, the documents and reports of his conduct reveal a commitment to a national outlook. Congress should be a national legislature, and personal, state, and regional rivalries should give way to concern for the greater good—these were his deeply held convictions.

When chosen a Commissioner to France, Adams was reluctant to go. But duty and the honor of the position, along with the encouragement of an understanding and self-sacrificing wife, persuaded him to accept. With son John Quincy for a companion, he crossed the Atlantic to a new career. His initiation into the complexities of diplomacy brought a growing awareness of European affairs and the problems facing the new nation in the diplomatic arena. Letters deal with such varied topics as the supervision of American commercial agents in French ports, regulation of privateers, settlement of disputes between crews and officers, negotiation of loans, and help for American prisoners in England. Personal letters run the gamut from Adams’s views on the proper conduct of American diplomacy to strangers’ pleas for aid in locating relatives in America. Contrary to the usual impression of Adams as little more than a clerk for the Commission, evidence shows that he was its chief administrator.

Acclimation to living abroad among diplomats did not stifle Adams’s yearning for the simplicities of private life in the midst of his family. Yet as the important and interesting documents of this volume show, the groundwork was being laid for his even more significant role in diplomacy.

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Papers of John Adams
John Adams
Harvard University Press, 1977

As the American colonies grew more restive, and a break with the mother country ceased to be unthinkable, John Adams was forced to spend less and less time with his beloved family. Although burdened by ever-expanding responsibilities in the Second Continental Congress, he found time for an amazing amount of correspondence. The majority of his letters were written to secure the facts that would enable this duty-ridden man to decide and act effectively on the issues being debated. Military affairs, a source of never-ending concern, provide some of the most fascinating subjects, including several accounts of the Battle of Bunker Hill, assessments of various high-ranking officers, and complaints about the behavior of the riflemen sent from three states southward to aid the Massachusetts troops.

The heated question of pay for soldiers and officers strained relations between New England and southern colonies early. By refusing to confront the issue of slavery when it was raised by several correspondents, Adams sought to avoid exacerbating regional sensitivities further. When the question of independent governments for former colonies arose, at the request of several colleagues Adams sketched a model, Thoughts on Government, three versions of which are included here.

His optimistic republicanism, however, was balanced by fear that a “Spirit of Commerce” would undermine the virtue requisite for republican institutions. Adams' important committee work included his draft in 1775 of rules for regulation of the Continental Navy, which have remained the basis for the governance of the United States Navy down into our own time, and his plan of treaties, which would guide American diplomats up to World War II. Both were derivative, but he skillfully adapted his materials to American needs and circumstances. These volumes reflect the spirit of those tumultuous years when the leaders emerging in America confronted each other, and exciting new ideas, as they tried to resolve the issues of a revolutionary period.

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Papers of John Adams
John Adams
Harvard University Press
Entering the presidency in full service to the American people, John Adams vowed: “Their Confidence, which has been the Chief Consolation of my Life, is too prescious and Sacred a deposit ever to be considered lightly.” This volume of the Papers of John Adams charts the period from February 1797 to February 1798, exploring the United States’ diplomatic rupture with France and the Adams administration’s pivot toward the Quasi-War. Adams spent his first year in office struggling to uphold a form of neutrality that would shield American shipping and commerce from France’s mounting attacks. The US government labored to shift money and resources for military preparedness. “I should hold myself guilty of a neglect of Duty, if I forebore to recommend that We Should make every exertion to protect our Commerce, and to place our Country in a Suitable posture of defence,” he wrote. Adams kept careful watch over imperial tensions on the western frontiers, where Spain, France, Great Britain, Native nations, and the United States wrestled for local control. The second president faced a resurgence of yellow fever in Philadelphia, public debates in the press about his abilities, and an ambitious cabinet. From the opening moments of his inauguration to his headlong rush to heal the United States’ relations with France, this volume reveals how John Adams evolved the American presidency.
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The Papers of Robert Morris, 1781–1784, Vol. 9
Robert Morris
University of Pittsburgh Press, 1999
Although Robert Morris (1734-1806), "the Financier of the American Revolution," was a signer of the Declaration of Independence, the Articles of Confederation, and the Constitution, a powerful committee chairman in the Continental Congress, an important figure in Pennsylvania politics, and perhaps the most prominent businessman of his day, he is today least known of the great national leaders of the Revolutionary era.This oversight is being rectified by this  definitive publication project that transcribes and carefully annotates the Office of Finance diary, correspondence, and other official papers written by Morris during his administration as superintendent of finance from 1781 to 1784.
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The Papers of Robert Morris, 1781–1784, Volume 1
Robert Morris
University of Pittsburgh Press, 1973
Although Robert Morris (1734-1806), "the Financier of the American Revolution," was a signer of the Declaration of Independence, the Articles of Confederation, and the Constitution, a powerful committee chairman in the Continental Congress, an important figure in Pennsylvania politics, and perhaps the most prominent businessman of his day, he is today least known of the great national leaders of the Revolutionary era.This oversight is being rectified by this  definitive publication project that transcribes and carefully annotates the Office of Finance diary, correspondence, and other official papers written by Morris during his administration as superintendent of finance from 1781 to 1784.
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The Papers Of Robert Morris, 1781-1784, Volume 2
Robert Morris
University of Pittsburgh Press, 1975
Although Robert Morris (1734-1806), "the Financier of the American Revolution," was a signer of the Declaration of Independence, the Articles of Confederation, and the Constitution, a powerful committee chairman in the Continental Congress, an important figure in Pennsylvania politics, and perhaps the most prominent businessman of his day, he is today least known of the great national leaders of the Revolutionary era.This oversight is being rectified by this  definitive publication project that transcribes and carefully annotates the Office of Finance diary, correspondence, and other official papers written by Morris during his administration as superintendent of finance from 1781 to 1784.
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The Papers of Robert Morris, 1781–1784, Volume 3
Robert Morris
University of Pittsburgh Press, 1977
Although Robert Morris (1734-1806), "the Financier of the American Revolution," was a signer of the Declaration of Independence, the Articles of Confederation, and the Constitution, a powerful committee chairman in the Continental Congress, an important figure in Pennsylvania politics, and perhaps the most prominent businessman of his day, he is today least known of the great national leaders of the Revolutionary era.This oversight is being rectified by this  definitive publication project that transcribes and carefully annotates the Office of Finance diary, correspondence, and other official papers written by Morris during his administration as superintendent of finance from 1781 to 1784.
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The Papers of Robert Morris, 1781–1784, Volume 4
Robert Morris
University of Pittsburgh Press, 1978
Although Robert Morris (1734-1806), "the Financier of the American Revolution," was a signer of the Declaration of Independence, the Articles of Confederation, and the Constitution, a powerful committee chairman in the Continental Congress, an important figure in Pennsylvania politics, and perhaps the most prominent businessman of his day, he is today least known of the great national leaders of the Revolutionary era.This oversight is being rectified by this  definitive publication project that transcribes and carefully annotates the Office of Finance diary, correspondence, and other official papers written by Morris during his administration as superintendent of finance from 1781 to 1784.
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The Papers of Robert Morris, 1781–1784, Volume 5
Robert Morris
University of Pittsburgh Press, 1980
Although Robert Morris (1734-1806), "the Financier of the American Revolution," was a signer of the Declaration of Independence, the Articles of Confederation, and the Constitution, a powerful committee chairman in the Continental Congress, an important figure in Pennsylvania politics, and perhaps the most prominent businessman of his day, he is today least known of the great national leaders of the Revolutionary era.This oversight is being rectified by this  definitive publication project that transcribes and carefully annotates the Office of Finance diary, correspondence, and other official papers written by Morris during his administration as superintendent of finance from 1781 to 1784.
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The Papers of Robert Morris, 1781–1784, Volume 6
Robert Morris
University of Pittsburgh Press, 1984
Although Robert Morris (1734-1806), "the Financier of the American Revolution," was a signer of the Declaration of Independence, the Articles of Confederation, and the Constitution, a powerful committee chairman in the Continental Congress, an important figure in Pennsylvania politics, and perhaps the most prominent businessman of his day, he is today least known of the great national leaders of the Revolutionary era.This oversight is being rectified by this  definitive publication project that transcribes and carefully annotates the Office of Finance diary, correspondence, and other official papers written by Morris during his administration as superintendent of finance from 1781 to 1784.
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The Papers of Robert Morris, 1781–1784, Volume 7
Robert Morris
University of Pittsburgh Press, 1989
Although Robert Morris (1734-1806), "the Financier of the American Revolution," was a signer of the Declaration of Independence, the Articles of Confederation, and the Constitution, a powerful committee chairman in the Continental Congress, an important figure in Pennsylvania politics, and perhaps the most prominent businessman of his day, he is today least known of the great national leaders of the Revolutionary era.This oversight is being rectified by this  definitive publication project that transcribes and carefully annotates the Office of Finance diary, correspondence, and other official papers written by Morris during his administration as superintendent of finance from 1781 to 1784.
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The Papers of Robert Morris, 1781–1784, Volume 8
Robert Morris
University of Pittsburgh Press, 1996
Although Robert Morris (1734-1806), "the Financier of the American Revolution," was a signer of the Declaration of Independence, the Articles of Confederation, and the Constitution, a powerful committee chairman in the Continental Congress, an important figure in Pennsylvania politics, and perhaps the most prominent businessman of his day, he is today least known of the great national leaders of the Revolutionary era.This oversight is being rectified by this  definitive publication project that transcribes and carefully annotates the Office of Finance diary, correspondence, and other official papers written by Morris during his administration as superintendent of finance from 1781 to 1784.
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The Papers Of Thaddeus Stevens Volume 1
January 1814–March 1865
Thaddeus Stevens
University of Pittsburgh Press, 1997

Hailed as “the most important congressman in the House of Representatives during the Civil War” and still honored in Pennsylvania as the father of its public school system, Thaddeus Stevens grappled in his day with many of the issues that confront us today: racial and economic equality, affirmative action, and equal access to education.

Volume one of the projected two-volume edition of The Papers of Thaddeus Stevens covers Steven’s political career from his Vermont youth to the end of the Civil War.  It includes letters and speeches from his early days as a Gettysburg lawyer and as a representative in the Pennsylvania assembly through his antislavery efforts to the 1865 passage of the Thirteenth Amendment, freeing all slaves.

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The Papers Of Thaddeus Stevens Volume 2
April 1865-August 1868
Thaddeus Stevens
University of Pittsburgh Press, 1998
Thaddeus Stevens has been called “the greatest dictator Congress ever had,” a man who in 1867 held more political power than any man in the nation, including the president.  In his day Stevens grappled with many of the issues that confront us today: racial and economic equality, affirmative action, and equal access to education.  The second volume of a two-volume edition covers Steven’s later years during the tumultuous period from the end of the Civil War to his death in1868.  It includes letters, speeches, and remarks Stevens delivered as he championed equal rights for the freedmen and steered key Reconstruction measures through Congress.  This volume also contains letters from loyalists and ex-Confederates to Stevens reflecting their reactions to conditions in the South.
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front cover of The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America, volume 110 number 1 (March 2016)
The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America, volume 110 number 1 (March 2016)
The University of Chicago Press
University of Chicago Press Journals, 2016
This is volume 110 issue 1 of The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America. Published on behalf of the oldest scholarly society in North America dedicated to the study of books and other textual artifacts in traditional and emerging formats, The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America contains articles on book and manuscript production, publication, distribution, collecting, and reading in all periods, geographical regions, and media, as well as editorial and textual scholarship across all disciplines. The journal publishes original articles, book reviews, bibliographical notes, and review essays.
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front cover of The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America, volume 115 number 4 (December 2021)
The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America, volume 115 number 4 (December 2021)
The University of Chicago Press
University of Chicago Press Journals, 2021
This is volume 115 issue 4 of The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America. Published on behalf of the oldest scholarly society in North America dedicated to the study of books and other textual artifacts in traditional and emerging formats, The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America contains articles on book and manuscript production, publication, distribution, collecting, and reading in all periods, geographical regions, and media, as well as editorial and textual scholarship across all disciplines. The journal publishes original articles, book reviews, bibliographical notes, and review essays.
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front cover of The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America, volume 116 number 1 (March 2022)
The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America, volume 116 number 1 (March 2022)
The University of Chicago Press
University of Chicago Press Journals, 2022
This is volume 116 issue 1 of The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America. Published on behalf of the oldest scholarly society in North America dedicated to the study of books and other textual artifacts in traditional and emerging formats, The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America contains articles on book and manuscript production, publication, distribution, collecting, and reading in all periods, geographical regions, and media, as well as editorial and textual scholarship across all disciplines. The journal publishes original articles, book reviews, bibliographical notes, and review essays.
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front cover of The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America, volume 116 number 2 (June 2022)
The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America, volume 116 number 2 (June 2022)
The University of Chicago Press
University of Chicago Press Journals, 2022
This is volume 116 issue 2 of The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America. Published on behalf of the oldest scholarly society in North America dedicated to the study of books and other textual artifacts in traditional and emerging formats, The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America contains articles on book and manuscript production, publication, distribution, collecting, and reading in all periods, geographical regions, and media, as well as editorial and textual scholarship across all disciplines. The journal publishes original articles, book reviews, bibliographical notes, and review essays.
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front cover of The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America, volume 116 number 3 (September 2022)
The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America, volume 116 number 3 (September 2022)
The University of Chicago Press
University of Chicago Press Journals, 2022
This is volume 116 issue 3 of The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America. Published on behalf of the oldest scholarly society in North America dedicated to the study of books and other textual artifacts in traditional and emerging formats, The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America contains articles on book and manuscript production, publication, distribution, collecting, and reading in all periods, geographical regions, and media, as well as editorial and textual scholarship across all disciplines. The journal publishes original articles, book reviews, bibliographical notes, and review essays.
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front cover of The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America, volume 116 number 4 (December 2022)
The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America, volume 116 number 4 (December 2022)
The University of Chicago Press
University of Chicago Press Journals, 2022
This is volume 116 issue 4 of The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America. Published on behalf of the oldest scholarly society in North America dedicated to the study of books and other textual artifacts in traditional and emerging formats, The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America contains articles on book and manuscript production, publication, distribution, collecting, and reading in all periods, geographical regions, and media, as well as editorial and textual scholarship across all disciplines. The journal publishes original articles, book reviews, bibliographical notes, and review essays.
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front cover of The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America, volume 117 number 1 (March 2023)
The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America, volume 117 number 1 (March 2023)
The University of Chicago Press
University of Chicago Press Journals, 2023
This is volume 117 issue 1 of The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America. Published on behalf of the oldest scholarly society in North America dedicated to the study of books and other textual artifacts in traditional and emerging formats, The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America contains articles on book and manuscript production, publication, distribution, collecting, and reading in all periods, geographical regions, and media, as well as editorial and textual scholarship across all disciplines. The journal publishes original articles, book reviews, bibliographical notes, and review essays.
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front cover of The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America, volume 117 number 3 (September 2023)
The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America, volume 117 number 3 (September 2023)
The University of Chicago Press
University of Chicago Press Journals, 2023
This is volume 117 issue 3 of The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America. Published on behalf of the oldest scholarly society in North America dedicated to the study of books and other textual artifacts in traditional and emerging formats, The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America contains articles on book and manuscript production, publication, distribution, collecting, and reading in all periods, geographical regions, and media, as well as editorial and textual scholarship across all disciplines. The journal publishes original articles, book reviews, bibliographical notes, and review essays.
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front cover of The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America, volume 117 number 4 (December 2023)
The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America, volume 117 number 4 (December 2023)
The University of Chicago Press
University of Chicago Press Journals, 2023
This is volume 117 issue 4 of The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America. Published on behalf of the oldest scholarly society in North America dedicated to the study of books and other textual artifacts in traditional and emerging formats, The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America contains articles on book and manuscript production, publication, distribution, collecting, and reading in all periods, geographical regions, and media, as well as editorial and textual scholarship across all disciplines. The journal publishes original articles, book reviews, bibliographical notes, and review essays.
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front cover of The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America, volume 118 number 1 (March 2024)
The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America, volume 118 number 1 (March 2024)
The University of Chicago Press
University of Chicago Press Journals, 2024
This is volume 118 issue 1 of The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America. Published on behalf of the oldest scholarly society in North America dedicated to the study of books and other textual artifacts in traditional and emerging formats, The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America contains articles on book and manuscript production, publication, distribution, collecting, and reading in all periods, geographical regions, and media, as well as editorial and textual scholarship across all disciplines. The journal publishes original articles, book reviews, bibliographical notes, and review essays.
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front cover of Papers of the Fiftieth Algonquian Conference
Papers of the Fiftieth Algonquian Conference
Monica Macaulay
Michigan State University Press, 2021
Papers of the Algonquian Conference is a collection of peer-reviewed scholarship from an annual international forum that focuses on topics related to the languages and cultures of Algonquian peoples. This series touches on a variety of subject areas, including anthropology, archaeology, education, ethnography, history, Indigenous studies, language studies, literature, music, political science, psychology, religion, and sociology. Contributors often cite never-before-published data in their research, giving the reader a fresh and unique insight into the Algonquian peoples and rendering these papers essential reading for those interested in studying Algonquian society.
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front cover of Papers of the Fifty-First Algonquian Conference
Papers of the Fifty-First Algonquian Conference
Monica Macaulay
Michigan State University Press, 2022
Papers of the Algonquian Conference is a collection of peer-reviewed scholarship from an annual international forum that focuses on topics related to the languages and cultures of Algonquian peoples. This series touches on a variety of subject areas, including anthropology, archaeology, education, ethnography, history, Indigenous studies, language studies, literature, music, political science, psychology, religion, and sociology. Contributors often cite never before published data in their research, giving the reader a fresh and unique insight into the Algonquian peoples and rendering these papers essential reading for those interested in studying Algonquian society.
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front cover of Papers of the Fifty-Second Algonquian Conference
Papers of the Fifty-Second Algonquian Conference
Monica Macaulay
Michigan State University Press, 2023
Papers of the Algonquian Conference is a collection of peer-reviewed scholarship from an annual international forum that focuses on topics related to the languages and cultures of Algonquian peoples. This series touches on a variety of subject areas, including anthropology, archaeology, education, ethnography, history, Indigenous studies, language studies, literature, music, political science, psychology, religion, and sociology. Contributors often cite never-before-published data in their research, giving the reader a fresh and unique insight into the Algonquian peoples and rendering these papers essential reading for those interested in studying Algonquian society.
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front cover of Papers of the Fifty-Third Algonquian Conference / Actes du cinquante-troisième Congrès des Algonquinistes
Papers of the Fifty-Third Algonquian Conference / Actes du cinquante-troisième Congrès des Algonquinistes
Inge Genee
Michigan State University Press, 2024
Papers of the Algonquian Conference is a collection of peer-reviewed scholarship from an annual international forum that focuses on topics related to the languages and cultures of Algonquian peoples. This series touches on a variety of subject areas, including anthropology, archaeology, education, ethnography, history, Indigenous studies, language studies, literature, music, political science, psychology, religion, and sociology. Contributors often cite never-before-published data in their research, giving the reader a fresh and unique insight into the Algonquian peoples and rendering these papers essential reading for those interested in studying Algonquian society.
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front cover of Papers of the Forty-Eighth Algonquian Conference
Papers of the Forty-Eighth Algonquian Conference
Monica Macaulay
Michigan State University Press, 2019
Papers of the Algonquian Conference is a collection of peer-reviewed scholarship from an annual international forum that focuses on topics related to the languages and cultures of Algonquian peoples. This series touches on a variety of subject areas, including anthropology, archaeology, education, ethnography, history, Indigenous studies, language studies, literature, music, political science, psychology, religion, and sociology. Contributors often cite never-before-published data in their research, giving the reader a fresh and unique insight into the Algonquian peoples and rendering these papers essential reading for those interested in studying Algonquian society.
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front cover of Papers of the Forty-Fifth Algonquian Conference
Papers of the Forty-Fifth Algonquian Conference
Monica Macaulay
Michigan State University Press, 2017
Papers of the Algonquian Conference is a collection of peer-reviewed presentations from an annual international forum that focuses on topics related to the languages and cultures of Algonquian peoples. This volume touches on a variety of subject areas, including anthropology, archaeology, education, ethnography, history, Indigenous studies, language studies, literature, music, political science, psychology, religion, and sociology. Contributors often cite never-before-published data in their research, giving the reader a fresh and unique insight into the Algonquian peoples and rendering these papers essential reading for those interested in studying Algonquian society.
 
 
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front cover of Papers of the Forty-Ninth Algonquian Conference
Papers of the Forty-Ninth Algonquian Conference
Monica Macaulay
Michigan State University Press, 2020
Papers of the Algonquian Conference is a collection of peer-reviewed scholarship from an annual international forum that focuses on topics related to the languages and cultures of Algonquian peoples. This series touches on a variety of subject areas, including anthropology, archaeology, education, ethnography, history, Indigenous studies, language studies, literature, music, political science, psychology, religion, and sociology. Contributors often cite never-before-published data in their research, giving the reader a fresh and unique insight into the Algonquian peoples and rendering these papers essential reading for those interested in studying Algonquian society.
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front cover of Papers of the Forty-Seventh Algonquian Conference
Papers of the Forty-Seventh Algonquian Conference
Monica Macaulay
Michigan State University Press, 2018
Papers of the Algonquian Conference is a collection of peer-reviewed presentations from an annual international forum that focuses on topics related to the languages and cultures of Algonquian peoples. This series touches on a variety of subject areas, including anthropology, archaeology, education, ethnography, history, Indigenous studies, language studies, literature, music, political science, psychology, religion, and sociology. Contributors often cite never-before-published data in their research, giving the reader a fresh and unique insight into the Algonquian peoples and rendering these papers essential reading for those interested in studying Algonquian society.
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front cover of Papers of the Forty-Sixth Algonquian Conference
Papers of the Forty-Sixth Algonquian Conference
Monica Macaulay
Michigan State University Press, 2017
Papers of the Algonquian Conference is a collection of peer-reviewed presentations from an annual international forum that focuses on topics related to the languages and cultures of Algonquian peoples. This series touches on a variety of subject areas, including anthropology, archaeology, education, ethnography, history, Indigenous studies, language studies, literature, music, political science, psychology, religion, and sociology. Contributors often cite never-before-published data in their research, giving the reader a fresh and unique insight into the Algonquian peoples and rendering these papers essential reading for those interested in studying Algonquian society. 
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front cover of Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters
Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters
Volume I
Edited by Paul S. Welch and Eugene S. McCartney
University of Michigan Press, 1923
The Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Lettersis an annual volume of papers published under the joint direction of the Council of the Academy and of the Executive Board of the Graduate School of the University of Michigan, and edited by Paul S. Welch and Eugene S. McCartney. The agreement to publish jointly was an opportunity to establish closer relations between the University and the Academy, thus contributing to higher scholarship and original investigation. This volume from the 1921 annual meeting includes an array of papers on Anthropology, Botany, Economics, Geology, Psychology, and Zoology.
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front cover of Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters
Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters
Volume II
Edited by Paul S. Welch and Eugene S. McCartney
University of Michigan Press, 1923
The Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Lettersis an annual volume of papers published under the joint direction of the Council of the Academy and of the Executive Board of the Graduate School of the University of Michigan, and edited by Paul S. Welch and Eugene S. McCartney. The agreement to publish jointly was an opportunity to establish closer relations between the University and the Academy, thus contributing to higher scholarship and original investigation. This volume from 1922 includes an array of papers on Biology, Economics, Geology, Meteorology, Psychology, Sanitary and Medical Science, and Zoology.
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front cover of Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts, and Letters
Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts, and Letters
Volume XLIX
Edited by Ralph A. Loomis
University of Michigan Press, 1964
This volume collects outstanding papers in the sciences, humanities, and social sciences that have been organized by the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts, and Letters, a regional, interdisciplinary professional organization. Essays cover topics such as medicine, geology, paleontology, botany, forestry, zoology, art, literature, linguistics, economics, geography, history, and political science. Essays related to the state of Michigan are a particular emphasis; however national and international topics are also included. Contributing authors are primarily affiliated with colleges and universities across Michigan, though independent scholars are also featured. Photos, illustrations, charts, graphs, and tables appear as needed.
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front cover of Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters volume XLV
Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters volume XLV
Editor, Sheridan Baker
University of Michigan Press, 1960
This volume collects outstanding papers in the sciences, humanities, and social sciences that have been organized by the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts, and Letters, a regional, interdisciplinary professional organization. Essays cover topics such as medicine, geology, paleontology, botany, forestry, zoology, art, literature, linguistics, economics, geography, history, and political science. Essays related to the state of Michigan are a particular emphasis; however national and international topics are also included. Contributing authors are primarily affiliated with colleges and universities across Michigan, though independent scholars are also featured. Photos, illustrations, charts, graphs, and tables appear as needed.
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front cover of Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts, and Letters
Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts, and Letters
Volume XLVII
Edited by Hubert M. English, Jr.
University of Michigan Press, 1962
This volume collects outstanding papers in the sciences, humanities, and social sciences that have been organized by the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts, and Letters, a regional, interdisciplinary professional organization. Essays cover topics such as medicine, geology, paleontology, botany, forestry, zoology, art, literature, linguistics, economics, geography, history, and political science. Essays related to the state of Michigan are a particular emphasis, but national and international topics are also included. Contributing authors are primarily affiliated with colleges and universities across Michigan, though independent scholars are also featured. Photos, illustrations, charts, graphs, and tables appear as needed.
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front cover of Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science Arts and Letters
Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science Arts and Letters
Volume XXIX
Edited by Eugene S. McCartney and Henry Van Der Schalie
University of Michigan Press, 1944
Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science Arts and Letters is an annual volume of papers published under the joint direction of the Council of the Academy and of the Executive Board of the Graduate School of the University of Michigan. The agreement to publish jointly was an opportunity to establish closer relations between the University and the Academy, thus contributing to higher scholarship and original investigation. In this volume, the editor for the Academy is Henry van der Schalie and the editor for the University is Eugene S. McCartney. This volume from the 1943 annual meeting includes an array of papers on Botany and Forestry, Zoology, Geography and Geology, Psychology, Anthropology, Economics, Folklore, History and Political Science, Language and Literature, Philosophy, and Sociology.
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front cover of Profiles in Cultural Evolution
Profiles in Cultural Evolution
Papers from a Conference in Honor of Elman R. Service
Edited by A. Terry Rambo and Kathleen Gillogly
University of Michigan Press, 1991
Presenting diverse viewpoints and topics, this collection includes the following sections: Part I presents a background on the study of cultural evolution. Part II deals with the evolution of complex societies in the tropics of South America. Part III discusses stage sequences and directionality in cultural evolution. Part IV examines the role of prime movers in cultural evolution. Part V discusses diversity and change.
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front cover of Tokens of Meaning
Tokens of Meaning
Papers in Honor of Lauri Karttunen
Edited by Cleo Condoravdi and Tracy Holloway King
CSLI, 2019
Lauri Karttunen has done groundbreaking work in theoretical and computational linguistics. The papers in this volume present new, state-of-the-art work building on his numerous contributions. The first part includes papers on formal semantics, the focus of Karttunen's early career to which he has returned in recent years. The second part provides a natural extension of his semantic work: the formal analysis of meaning and reasoning and the integration of the lexical and ontological components to enable reasoning by computational systems. The third part focuses on syntactic analyses, including the structure of non-finite clauses and sentence embedding predicates and factivity. The final part of the volume deals with finite state methods and grammars, reflecting Karttunen's extensive contributions to finite state theory and technology and its application to natural language.
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