ABOUT THIS BOOK

This anthology provides an overview of the history and theory of Chicano/a art from the 1960s to the present, emphasizing the debates and vocabularies that have played key roles in its conceptualization. In Chicano and Chicana Art—which includes many of Chicano/a art's landmark and foundational texts and manifestos—artists, curators, and cultural critics trace the development of Chicano/a art from its early role in the Chicano civil rights movement to its mainstream acceptance in American art institutions. Throughout this teaching-oriented volume they address a number of themes, including the politics of border life, public art practices such as posters and murals, and feminist and queer artists' figurations of Chicano/a bodies. They also chart the multiple cultural and artistic influences—from American graffiti and Mexican pre-Columbian spirituality to pop art and modernism—that have informed Chicano/a art's practice.

Contributors. Carlos Almaraz, David Avalos, Judith F. Baca, Raye Bemis, Jo-Anne Berelowitz, Elizabeth Blair, Chaz Bojóroquez, Philip Brookman, Mel Casas, C. Ondine Chavoya, Karen Mary Davalos, Rupert García, Alicia Gaspar de Alba, Shifra Goldman, Jennifer A. González, Rita Gonzalez, Robb Hernández, Juan Felipe Herrera, Louis Hock, Nancy L. Kelker, Philip Kennicott, Josh Kun, Asta Kuusinen, Gilberto “Magu” Luján, Amelia Malagamba-Ansotegui, Amalia Mesa-Bains, Dylan Miner, Malaquias Montoya, Judithe Hernández de Neikrug, Chon Noriega, Joseph Palis, Laura Elisa Pérez, Peter Plagens, Catherine Ramírez, Matthew Reilly, James Rojas, Terezita Romo, Ralph Rugoff, Lezlie Salkowitz-Montoya, Marcos Sanchez-Tranquilino, Cylena Simonds, Elizabeth Sisco, John Tagg, Roberto Tejada, Rubén Trejo, Gabriela Valdivia, Tomás Ybarra-Frausto, Victor Zamudio-Taylor

AUTHOR BIOGRAPHY

Jennifer A. González is Professor of History of Art and Visual Culture at the University of California, Santa Cruz.

C. Ondine Chavoya is Professor of Art at Williams College.

Chon Noriega is Professor of Film, Television, and Digital Media at the University of California, Los Angeles.

Terezita Romo is Program Officer at The San Francisco Foundation.

REVIEWS

"A substantial volume, covering the literature of the movimiento during a period of approximately forty years. The scope offered is far beyond a survey, compiled by four recognized authorities. . . . An impressive resource"

-- Clayton C. Kirking ARLIS/NA Reviews

"This pioneering anthology fills a significant gap in the complex history of Chicana/o art and visual culture. . . . this volume is a required resource for teaching and learning about Chicana/o art, especially as issues of identity, immigration, and inclusion continue to ignite intense debate and controversy in the US. Highly recommended. Lower-division undergraduates through faculty and professionals."

-- L. Estevez Choice

TABLE OF CONTENTS

List of Illustrations ix
Preface xiii
Acknowledgments xv
Introduction / Jennifer A. González 1
Part I. Definitions and Debates
Introduction / Chon Noriega 13
1. Looking for Alternatives: Notes on Chicano Art, 1960-1990 / Philip Brookman 19
2. Con Safo (C/S) Artists: A Contingency Factor / Mel Casas 30
3. El Arte de Chicano: "The Spirit of the Experience" / Gilbert Sanchez Luján 32
4. Notes on an Aesthetic Alternative / Carlos Almaraz 35
5. A Critical Perspective on the State of Chicano Art / Malaquís Montoya and Lezlie Salkowitz-Montoya 37
6. Response: Another Opinion on the State of Chicano Art / Shifra M. Goldman 45
7. Post-Chicano / Rita Gonzalez 54
8. The New Chicano Moment / Josh Kun 58
9. Post-movimiento: The Contemporary (Re)Generation of Chicana/o Art / Tomás Ybarra-Frausto 66
Further Reading 72
Part II. Cultural Reclamation and Vernacular Traditions
Introduction / Terezita Romo 75
10. The Politics of Popular Art / Rupert García 81
11. Rasquachismo: A Chicano Sensibility / Tomás Ybarra-Frausto 85
12. Domesticana: The Sensibility of Chicana Rasquache / Amalia Mesa-Bains 91
13. Chicano Humor in Art: For Whom the Taco Bell Tolls / Rubén Trejo 100
14. Points of Convergence: Iconography of the Chicano Poster / Terezita Romo 104
15. Graffiti Is Art: Any Drawn Line That Speaks about Identity, Dignity, and Unity . . . That Line Is Art / Charles "Chaz" Bojórquez 117
16. Inventing Tradition, Negotiating Modernism: Chicano/a Art and the Pre-Columbian Past / Victor Zamudio-Taylor 123
17. Negotiated Frontiers: Contemporary Chicano Photography / Jennifer A. González 135
18. Deus ex Machina: Tradition, Technology, and the Chicanafuturist Art of Marion C. Martinez / Catherine S. Ramírez 146
19. Celia Alvarez Muñoz: "Civic Studies" / Roberto Tejada 165
Further Reading 174
Part III. Bodily Aesthetics and Iconologies
Introduction / Jennifer A. González 177
20. Mel Casas: Redefining America / Nancy Kelker 183
21. Drawing Offensive/Offensive Drawing: Toward a Theory of Mariconógraphy / Robb Hernández 194
22. The Pachuco's Flayed Hide: Mobility, Identity, and Buenas Garras / Marcos Sánchez-Tranquilino and John Tagg 208
23. Writing on the Social Body: Dresses and Body Ornamentation in Contemporary Chicana Art / Laura A. Pérez 219
24. Ojo de la Diosa: Becoming Divine in Delilah Montoya's Photography / Asta Kuusinen 237
25. Art Comes for the Archbishop: The Semiotics of Contemporary Chicana Feminism and the Work of Alma López / Luz Calvo 250
Further Reading 263
Part IV. Public Practices and Enacted Landscapes
Introduction / C. Ondine Chavoya 267
26. The Enacted Environment of East Los Angeles / James T. Rojas 271
27. Space, Power, and Youth Culture: Mexican American Graffiti and Chicano Murals in East Los Angeles, 1972-1978 / Marcos Sánchez-Tranquilino 278
28. Pseudographic Cinema: Asco's No-Movies / C. Ondine Chavoya 292
29. Whose Monument Where? Public Art in a Many-Cultured Society / Judith F. Baca 304
30. La Memoria de Nuestra Tierra: Colorado / Judith F. Baca 310
31. The Donkey Cart Caper: Some Thoughts on Socially Conscious Art in Antisocial Public Space / David Avalos 314
32. Public Audit: An Interview with Elizabeth Sisco, Louis Hock, and David Avalos / Clyena Simonds 319
Further Reading 331
Part V. Border Visions and Immigration Politics
Introduction / Jennifer A. González 335
33. Border Arte: Nepantle, el Lugar de la Frontera / Gloria Anzaldúa 341
34. The Spaces of Home in Chicano and Latino Representations of the San Diego–Tijuana Borderlands (1968–2002) / Jo-Anne Berelowitz 351
35. Straddling la otra frontera: Inserting MiChicana/o Visual Culture into Chicana/o Art History / Dylan Miner 372
36. Borders, Border Crossing, and Political Art in North Carolina / Gabriela Valdivia, Joseph Palis, and Matthew Reilly 394
37. Excerpts from Codex Espangliensis: From Columbus to the Border Patrol / Enrique Chagoya, Guillermo Gómez-Peña, and Felicia Rice 402
38. 187 Reasons Why Mexicanos Can't Cross the Border (Remix) / Juan Felipe Herrera 406
Further Reading 410
Part VI. Institutional Frameworks and Critical Reception
Introduction / C. Ondine Chavoya 413
39. Los Four / Peter Plagens 417
40. MARCH to an Aesthetic of Revolution / Raye Bemis 420
41. Resisting Modernism: Chicano Art: Retro Progressive or Progressive Retro? / Ralph Rugoff 423
42. Our America at the Smithsonian / Philip Kennicott 427
43. Alex Rivera, Philip Kennicott Debate Washington Post Review of Our America / Philip Kennicott 430
44. What Do We Mean When We Talk about "Latino Art"? / Elizabeth Blair 434
45. Chicano Art: Looking Backward / Shifra M. Goldman 436
46. Readers' Forum Letter to the Editor in Response to Shifra Goldman's Exhibition Review / Judithe Elena Hernández de Neikrug 440
47. Readers' Forum Response to Judithe Hernandez's Letter to the Editor / Shifra M. Goldman 442
48. "All Roads Lead to East L.A.," Goez Art Studios and Gallery / Karen Mary Davalos 444
49. From CARA to CACA: The Multiple Anatomies of Chicano/a Art at the Turn of the New Century / Alicia Gaspar de Alba 455
50. On Museum Row: Aesthetics and the Politics of Exhibition / Chon Noriega 470
51. Strangeways Here We Come / Rita Gonzalez 484
Further Reading 495
Glossary 497
Contributors 501
Index 509
Acknowledgment of Copyrights 531

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