Contents
List of Maps
Preface
List of Abbreviations
Part 1. Beginnings, 1605–1629
1. “Many Great Difficulties . . . Scarcely to Be Superable”: Robert Persons on English Catholic Colonization in North America, 1605
2. “To Establish Missions in All Those Lands Which the English Hold in America”: Simon Stock’s Correspondence with the Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith, 1625–1631
3. “Every Sunday [They] Saith Mass and Do Use All Other Ceremonies of the Church of Rome”: Erasmus Stourton before the Justices at Plymouth, October 1628
4. “I May Yet Do the King and My Country More Service There”: George Calvert’s Petition to the King for Land in the Chesapeake Region, 1629
5. "I Do . . . Abhor, Detest and Abjure . . . This Damnable Doctrine”: The Oaths of Supremacy and Allegiance
6. “No Papists Have Been Suffered to Settle Their Abode Amongst Us”: Governor John Pott and Others to the Privy Council, November 1629
Part 2. Terra Mariae: Planning and Voyage, 1630–1634
7. “The Pious and Noble Purpose of the . . . Barons of Baltimore”: The Charter of Maryland, 1632
8. “Never More Noble Enterprise Entered into English Hearts”: A Declaration of the Lord Baltimore’s Plantation in Maryland, 1633
9. “A Matter of Toleration”: Objections Answered Touching Maryland, 1633
10. “Give an Account of Every Particular”: Cecil Calvert’s Instructions to the Governor and Commissioners of Maryland, 1633
11. "God’s Hand Is Here”: Andrew White, A Brief Relation of the Voyage unto Maryland, 1634
Part 3. A Catholic Colony in British America, 1634–1664
12. “A Rich Harvest Awaits Us”: Jesuit Correspondence relating to Maryland, 1634–1656
13. “The Miracle of this Age”: George Alsop, A Character of the Province of Maryland, 1666
Part 4. Church and State, 1639–1649
14. “Holy Church Shall Have All Her Rights, Liberties, and Immunities”: Maryland Assembly on Religion and Civil Rights in the Colony, 1638/39
15. “Are Such Laws against Conscience?” The Baltimore-Jesuit Controversy, 1638–1644
16. “The Better to Preserve Mutual Love and Amity”: An Act concerning Religion, 1649
Part 5. The West Indies, 1634–1675
17. “Why Should My Country-men . . . Be Debarred from . . . That Which God . . . Did Ordain for the Benefit of Mankind?”: Thomas Gage’s View of the Georeligious Stakes, 1648
18. “Inhabitants Who Have Been Expelled by the English”: Andrew White’s Report on Catholics in the Lesser Antilles, 1634
19. “So That the Proselytizers of Heresy Will Not Prevail”: Early Efforts to Evangelize the Islands, 1638–1643
20. “Freedom of Belief . . . Provided They Do Nothing in Public”: Antoine Biet’s Account of His Ministry in Barbados, 1654
21. “To the Last Degree of Poverty”: John Stritch’s Clandestine Mission to Montserrat, 1650–1653
22. “A Business of Great Importancy”: Reining in Catholics in Barbados, 1654–1660
23. “The Irish Had Suffered There So Unspeakably in Body and Spirit”: John Grace’s Mission, 1667–1669
24. “Trading Groweth Daily Here Worse and Worse”: The Blake Family in Barbados and Montserrat, 1675
Part 6. Protestant Uprisings and Triumphs, 1666–1698
25. “The Deplorable . . . Condition of . . . Maryland for Want of an Established Ministry”: John Yeo’s Letter to the Archbishop of Canterbury regarding Proprietary Favoritism toward Catholics and Lord Baltimore’s Reply, 1676
26. “A Complaint to Heaven with a Hue and Crye”: Maryland Planters to the Crown, 1676
27. “All Christian Churches . . . Shall Have the Same Privileges”: New York’s Charter of Liberties and Privileges, 1683
28. “The Yoke of Arbitrary Government of Tyranny and Popery”: Declaration of the Protestant Association, July 1689
29. “The Strange Rebellion of Your Ungrateful People”: Catholic Views on the Revolution, 1689
30. “They Might Make Great Disturbances, If Not a Rebellion”: Francis Nicholson to the Board of Trade and Plantation, August 20, 1698
Part 7. Internal Outcasts, 1704–1774
31. “To Grow Insolent upon Civility”: Governor John Seymour’s Rebuke of the Jesuits William Hunter and Robert Brooke, 1704
32. “Whatsoever Popish . . . Priest or Jesuit . . . Shall Endeavour to Persuade Any of Her Majestys Liege People”: A Bill for Restraining the Growth of Popery, 1704
33. “The Covenant Ought to Continue to Posterity”: Remonstrance of the Roman Catholics of Maryland to the House of Delegates, December 21, 1704
34. “Many Evil Persons, in This Province, Such as Papists”: Peter Attwood and the Catholic Threat, 1716
35. [Peter Attwood,] “Liberty & Property or The Beauties of Maryland Displayed. Being a Brief & Candid Inquiry into Her Charter Fundamental Laws & Constitution. By a Lover of His Country,” 1720
36. “We Have . . . All Liberty Imaginable in the Exercise of Our Business”: Growth of the Catholic Community in Penn’s Colony, 1741
37. “In the Desert Parts of America”: Joseph Mosley’s Correspondence with His Family in England, 1758–1773
Part 8. Clash of Families and Empires, 1739–1766
38. “Absolutely Necessary to Restrain Roman Catholics by Law”: Some Thoughts Upon America and Upon the Danger from Roman Catholics There, London, 1739
39. “The Insolence and Disaffection of Papists within This Province”: An Act for the Security of His Majesty’s Dominion, and to Prevent the Growth of Popery within This Province, May 30, 1754
40. “[Catholics] Can Never Be Faithful Subjects”: A Letter to the Editor of the Maryland Gazette, October 17, 1754
41. “One of the Greatest Things That Ever the English Did in America”: The Expulsion of the Acadians, August 1755
42. “They Did Not Fly from Penal Laws . . . That Their Posterity Would Be Subjected to Them Here”: The Roman Catholic Petition to Governor Ogle regarding a Double Tax, 1756
43. “Remember the Cruel Usage of the Roman Catholics”: Charles Carroll of Annapolis’s Correspondence to His Son, 1759–1760
44. “Brave Youths, Drag on Your Pope”: Popes-Night Broadside, 1766
Part 9. Revolution and a Changing Landscape, 1773–1781
45. “The Jesuit’s Metamorphosed into I Know Not What”: The Suppression of the Society of Jesus and Its American Repercussions
46. “Who Is This Man, That Calls Himself a Citizen?” Charles Carroll of Carrollton and Daniel Dulany, The Antilon-First Citizen Letters, 1773
47. “Popery . . . Equally Injurious to the Rights of Sovereigns and Mankind”: The Quebec Act and the Colonial Reaction
48. “To Submit to popery and slavery”: Handbill Directed to the Soldiers of the British Army by the “Friends of America,” 1775
49. “Uniting with Us in Defence of Our Common Liberty”: Address of the Continental Congress to the Oppressed Inhabitants of Canada, May 29, 1775
50. “That Ridiculous and Childish Custom”: George Washington’s Orders regarding Pope’s Day, November 5, 1775
51. “Was Not All This the Work of Divine Providence?” Bishop Briand’s Pastoral Letter to the People of Quebec, December 29, 1776
52. “Our Government Seems to Be Approaching . . . Its Dissolution”: Charles Carroll’s Case for Independence and Government Reform, Dunlap’s Maryland Gazette and Baltimore General Advertiser, March–April 1776
53. “Toward the Universal Re-establishment of Popery through All Christendom”: The French Alliance and Its Impact on the Status of American Catholics
Part 10. Peace and a New Order, 1781–1791
54. “The Wonderful Work of That God Who Guards Your Liberties”: Abbe Bandol’s Sermon at the Mass of Thanksgiving for the Victory at Yorktown, November 4, 1781
55. “The Harvest Is Great, but the Labourers Are Too Few”: Joseph Mosley on the New Order for Catholics, 1784
56. “A Revolution More Extraordinary . . . Than Our Political One”: John Carroll’s Correspondence, 1778–1787
57. “You, Sir, Have Been the Principal Instrument to Effect So Rapid a Change in Our Political Situation”: An Address from the Roman Catholics of America to George Washington, Esq., President of the United States, 1790
58. “A Country Now Become Our Own”: John Carroll Sermon, May 1791
Index