Foreword by Ashley Nicole Black, Chelsea Devantez, Ariel Dumas, and Jenny Hagel
Introduction
Part I: Thinking About Comedy
A Theory of Comedy
Recognition
Pain
Distance
Comedy is Relative
The Five Components of Comedy
Jokes
Physical Comedy
Character
Narrative
Point of View
Thick and Thin Comedy
Taste, Hack, and Watching Comedy as a Comedian
Analyzing Comedy That Someone Else Has Created
Humor Theory
Superiority Theory
Incongruity Theory
Tension and Release Theory
Benign Violation Theory
Evolutionary Theories
Comedy and Your Brain
Biases and Heuristics
Context
Putting the Frog Back Together
Part 2: Making It Funny
Generating Comedy Materials and Ideas
Material Generation Prompts
Tool: List Ideas
Prompts that Work with Pain and Distance
Tool: Truth
Writing a Joke
What Is a Joke?
How to Write a Joke
How to Write a News Joke
Creating Original Jokes
Joke Filters
How to Rewrite a Joke
Jokes That Use Other Comedy Components
Revising Jokes That Use More Than One Component
Tool—Novelty and Surprise
Performing Comedy
Discovery
Tool — Explore and Heighten
What is Physical Comedy?
Making Physical Comedy
Props
Slapstick
Skill
Tool — Status
Comedy and Status
Creating Comic Characters
Starting with Recognition
Starting with Pain
Tool—Character Space Walk
Taking Embodied Characters into Relationship with Others
More Ways to Create or Practice With Embodied Characters
Playing With Character Point of View For Writers
Good Comedy Hygiene: Character
Useful Definitions: Archetypes, Stereotypes, Iconic Representations, Roles
Persona
Creating Your Comic Persona
Tool—Persona Worksheet
Point of View
Point of View 101: You Already Have a Point of View
Comedic Opinion
Useful Definitions — Irony, Sarcasm, and Wit
Parody and Satire
Useful Definitions — Satire and Parody
Creating Comedic Narratives
Story and Narrative
Comedic Narrative
Useful Definitions — Farce
Comic Premise
Starting With a Comic Idea
Writing a Short Comedy Piece
Sketch
Useful Definitions — Parts of a Sketch
Tool — Game of the Scene
Building Your Premise Muscles
Tool—Thinking About Structure
Sitcom
Creating a Premise and Breaking Story for a Plot Sitcom
Tool—Putting Characters Into Comedic Stories
Variety Narratives
How to Write a Simple Standup Set
Sketch Running Order
Running Order Outlines
Running Order Hierarchy of Needs
Part 3: Making It Funnier and Better
Making It Funnier
Working with Expectations
Tool—Risk and Failure
Next Steps of Revising
Tool — Taking a Comedy Class
Making It Better
Good Comedy Hygiene for Collaboration and Originality
Thinking About Comedy Ethics
Making Your Comedy More Ethical
Appendix: Comedy to Watch
Acknowledgements
Notes